Opthalmic prep. Proffered to be taken:
a- solu. > susp. > oint.
b- solu. > oint > susp.
c- susp. > solu. >oint
d- any dosage form can be used.
Ophthalmic preparations:
preparations for ophthalmic use are liquid preparations; semi-solid or sterile solid intended to be applied to the eyeball and / or to be introduced into the conjunctival sac. We distinguish:
- eye drops.
- solutions for ophthalmic washing: "eye baths".
- semi-solid preparations: ointment, creams and gels.
- contact lens preparations: rinsing solution, decontamination solution...
- ophthalmic inserts.
the eye drops:
are solutions or suspensions, aqueous or oily, containing one or more active ingredients intended for ocular instillation.
+ Properties:
In order not to damage the fine structures of the conjunctival epithelium, the eye drops must meet certain requirements:
limpidity or particle size:
- the solutions must be clear while the powders entering
- in the composition of the suspensions must be extremely thin without
- abrasive effect on the epithelial cells.
Neutrality:
- the pH must be close to the pH of the tear fluid: 6.9 and 7.5.
- The adjustment follows the same rules as those of the preparations
- injectables.
- Isotonia.
- Sterility: do not use eye drops long after the first opening of the container: 2 to 4 weeks (read the instructions).
- Tolerance: PH, viscosity, natured components (PA, adjuvants).
Formation of eye drops:
- active ingredients: they must be very pure.
- Vehicles: purified water, or injectable quality oils.
- Various admixtures: -waves (on nonionic or cationic facets at low doses).
- buffer mixtures.
- isotonizers: sodium chlorides, sodium sulphate, potassium nitrate ....
- antioxidants: metabisulfite or sodium pyrosulfite, sodium thiosulfate ...
preservatives: benzalkonium chloride, para-hydro benzoic acid esters.
- Viscosity agents: to prolong the action of eye drops.
a- solu. > susp. > oint.
b- solu. > oint > susp.
c- susp. > solu. >oint
d- any dosage form can be used.
Ophthalmic preparations:
preparations for ophthalmic use are liquid preparations; semi-solid or sterile solid intended to be applied to the eyeball and / or to be introduced into the conjunctival sac. We distinguish:
- eye drops.
- solutions for ophthalmic washing: "eye baths".
- semi-solid preparations: ointment, creams and gels.
- contact lens preparations: rinsing solution, decontamination solution...
- ophthalmic inserts.
the eye drops:
are solutions or suspensions, aqueous or oily, containing one or more active ingredients intended for ocular instillation.
+ Properties:
In order not to damage the fine structures of the conjunctival epithelium, the eye drops must meet certain requirements:
limpidity or particle size:
- the solutions must be clear while the powders entering
- in the composition of the suspensions must be extremely thin without
- abrasive effect on the epithelial cells.
Neutrality:
- the pH must be close to the pH of the tear fluid: 6.9 and 7.5.
- The adjustment follows the same rules as those of the preparations
- injectables.
- Isotonia.
- Sterility: do not use eye drops long after the first opening of the container: 2 to 4 weeks (read the instructions).
- Tolerance: PH, viscosity, natured components (PA, adjuvants).
Formation of eye drops:
- active ingredients: they must be very pure.
- Vehicles: purified water, or injectable quality oils.
- Various admixtures: -waves (on nonionic or cationic facets at low doses).
- buffer mixtures.
- isotonizers: sodium chlorides, sodium sulphate, potassium nitrate ....
- antioxidants: metabisulfite or sodium pyrosulfite, sodium thiosulfate ...
preservatives: benzalkonium chloride, para-hydro benzoic acid esters.
- Viscosity agents: to prolong the action of eye drops.
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Pharmacy