Showing posts with label Ophthalmology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Ophthalmology. Show all posts

Conjunctivitis.. Inflammation in the form of redness in the lining of the white of the eye and in the inner part of the eyelids - the mucous membrane lining the eyelid

What is conjunctivitis?

Conjunctivitis, also commonly referred to as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin transparent tissue that covers the white part of your eye and lines your eyelid.

Types of conjunctivitis:

There are three main types of conjunctivitis:
  • Viral conjunctivitis: This is the most common type, caused by viruses like the common cold virus. It is highly contagious and can spread easily through contact with contaminated hands or objects.
  • Bacterial conjunctivitis: This type is caused by bacteria and is less contagious than viral conjunctivitis. It often causes a thicker discharge from the eye than viral conjunctivitis.
  • Allergic conjunctivitis: This type is caused by allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander. It causes itching, redness, and watering of the eyes.

Symptoms of conjunctivitis:

Symptoms of conjunctivitis can vary depending on the type, but they often include:
  • Redness of the white of the eye.
  • Increased tear production.
  • Gritty feeling in the eye.
  • Itching of the eye.
  • Swelling of the eyelids.
  • Crusting of the eyelashes, especially in the morning.

Cases of visiting a doctor:

In most cases, conjunctivitis is a mild condition that clears up on its own within a week or two. However, if you experience any of the following symptoms, you should see a doctor:
  • Severe pain in the eye.
  • Sensitivity to light.
  • Blurred vision.
  • A discharge that is yellow or green.
  • Symptoms that worsen or do not improve after a few days.

Treatment for conjunctivitis:

Treatment for conjunctivitis depends on the type. Viral conjunctivitis usually does not require treatment and will clear up on its own. Bacterial conjunctivitis may be treated with antibiotic eye drops. Allergic conjunctivis may be treated with antihistamine eye drops or other medications.

Prevention:

Here are some tips to help prevent the spread of conjunctivitis:
  • Wash your hands frequently with soap and water.
  • Avoid touching your eyes.
  • Do not share towels, washcloths, or eye makeup with others.
  • If you wear contact lenses, be sure to clean them properly and replace them regularly.
  • Dispose of tissues after use and avoid touching your eyes with used tissues.

Treatment of swelling under the eyes .. Refrain from eating salty foods. Drink plenty of fluids. Sleep enough and avoid sleep and sit in front of the computer screen

What is the treatment of swelling under the eyes?

  • 1. Refrain from eating salty foods in that period.
  • 2. Drink plenty of fluids at a rate of two liters a day.
  • 3. Place on your eyes slices of cucumber for a few minutes.
  • 4. Put your eyes on cool tea bags for a few minutes.
  • 5. Put a cotton piece wet with iced water on your eyes.
  • 6. Apply to your eyes as a cloth dampened with ice water.
  • 7. Do not rub your eyes.
  • 8. Do not put any cosmetics during this period.
  • 9. Sleep adequate and avoid sleep and sit in front of the computer screen for long hours.
  • 10. Prevention of respiratory diseases and all that causes allergies and sneezing.

You've listed some excellent tips for managing swelling under the eyes! Here's a breakdown of their effectiveness and some additional points to consider:

Effective measures:

- 1, 2, 7, 8, 9:

Limiting salty foods, staying hydrated, refraining from rubbing eyes, avoiding cosmetics, and getting enough sleep are all crucial for addressing the underlying causes of swelling, such as fluid retention and inflammation.

- 3, 4, 5, 6:

Applying cold compresses like cucumber slices, tea bags, or cooled cloths can help reduce swelling by constricting blood vessels.

Additional tips:

- Elevate your head while sleeping:

This can help prevent fluid buildup around the eyes.

- Use gentle eye drops:

Artificial tears can soothe puffy eyes and alleviate irritation.

- Consider allergy remedies:

If allergies are the culprit, antihistamines and nasal decongestants might be helpful.

- Seek medical advice:

If the swelling is severe, persistent, accompanied by pain, or doesn't improve within a few days, consult a doctor to rule out any underlying medical conditions.

Overall, your list covers many key aspects of managing under-eye swelling. Remember, consistency is key!

Regarding points 10 and 9: While preventing respiratory diseases and reducing screen time can contribute to overall well-being, their direct impact on under-eye swelling might be less significant. Addressing specific triggers and following the above tips will likely yield faster and more noticeable results.

Hol.. Defect in the nerves of the dynamics of the eye muscles. Errors in the refraction of light rays entering the eye. Weakness in the center of visual installation in the brain

squint - Strabismus:

The generic term given to all cases in which take hub vision for For both; situations differ from normality.And take many forms; Paralytic strabismus and amblyopia reading and squint hidden. And caused by either Defect Driving the nerves of the muscles of the eye, or weakness, or errors in the refraction of light rays entering the eye, or weakness in the center Fixing Vision in the brain. And addresses some glasses and exercise and some surgery.

common eye problems in children:

Squint is common eye problems in children as they are at Approximately 3% of children, and have in most cases to the interior, while the Squint if infected adults externally. It is normal for newborns Deviate one of their eyes from time to time, especially when they are tired or unwilling Sleep, but if observed on the child of three months of age on the one Eyes or that closes when considering the interlocutor, or leaning his head to be seen, it must Consult a pediatrician to examine the baby's eyes and to make sure of their safety.

Does my child see me?.. The level of vision in a newborn baby

The sense of sight in a newborn:

When a child is born, his sense of sight is weak and ineffective! Over the months his vision becomes more and more accurate. During its first days, the infant's vision is blurry and it is not far from 50 cm! Bright colors such as red attract his attention, as well as moving objects. Despite this, the child will be able to recognize his mother! Her smell, her hair, her face...

You can start helping your baby see well by stimulating him visually. Create a theoretical relationship with your child by answering his gaze with caresses, words and sounds! Big toys of different colors and sizes, in a stimulating place, and put some toys hanging over his crib.

But be careful not to exaggerate in urging and stimulating him, as this can make him a bit nervous and restless! Know that only after 5 months your infant will gain vision almost as accurate as an adult, so be patient!

When do you really worry?

It is best to see your pediatrician if your child shows these signs:
  • When your little one never responds to looks or his vision is always vague.
  • When you notice abnormal movements in his eyes.
  • If he has a squint.
  • If his eyes are always red and stuck together.
  • If you notice a deformity in his eyelids.
  • When there are large amounts of secretions in his eyes.

Signs of poor eyesight in your infant.. Increased blinking rate and continuous rubbing of the eyes

Low vision in children:

Low vision is a common health problem in infants, but it is often difficult for the mother to detect it. In our topic today, we will refer to the most important signs that can indicate poor eyesight in your child, and we invite you to focus on them and pay attention to them as much as possible so that you can identify this medical problem.

Signs of poor eyesight in a child:


  • When your baby fixes his gaze on one direction or one source of light, this may often indicate that he suffers from poor eyesight that prevents him from focusing on the various people and things that surround him.

  • An increase in the rate of blinking in your infant is one of the easy-to-notice signs, which in turn may indicate a problem or weakness in his vision.

  • The deviation of your infant's eyes towards the outside or the inside is one of the signs that generally indicate a weakness in his vision. We point out here that it is difficult to determine this point before your baby reaches his third or fourth month. It is also considered around the eyes as well as signs that indicate poor vision and problems in the infant.

  • If you notice that it is difficult for your child to track things and people that fall into his field of vision, this is an indication that he suffers from weakness or noticeable problems in his vision.

  • When your infant is unable to communicate with you through his eyes or with the people around him despite your multiple attempts to communicate with him, this often indicates that he suffers from a weakness in his vision level.

  • Your infant can, in some cases, express his visual impairment by rubbing his eyes continuously and intensely. His constant eye spasms also indicate that he suffers from this condition.

Low vision in children: types, causes and methods of treatment.. Cataract in the eye. Farsightedness. Nearsightedness. Corneal curvature. lazy eye squint

Visual impairment in children:

Before talking about visual impairment in children, some diseases that need to be treated at an early age must be diagnosed, because when they grow up, this becomes difficult. These diseases are:

- Cataract in the eye: whose symptoms are clear, such as whiteness in the pupil of the eye and high intraocular pressure (navy blue), which makes the eye unusually wide and large. Pediatricians and obstetricians and gynecologists, after the development of medical imaging techniques, can carry out early detection of these diseases even before Birth to treat it before it develops.

Low vision in children:

It consists of 5 types:

1- Farsightedness:

   In this case, the child can see well the distant objects, but he cannot see the close objects well.

Symptoms:

One of the symptoms of this condition is the observation that the child in kindergarten approaches the leaves a lot when coloring them.
When entering school, he gets a lot of headache, and makes a lot of effort to get exhausted at the end of the day. His handwriting is not good and he writes words of large size without committing to writing on the line.

2- Myopia:

It is the most common case in the world where the child is able to see close things but cannot see far things.
This situation can be noticed in the child when he gets too close to the TV screen and is unable to see when sitting in the last seats in the department.
  This condition gives a distorted image of distant objects.

3- Curvature of the cornea:

It is normal for the cornea to be spherical in shape, and it is the transparent front area of the eye. In the case of corneal curvature, its shape is oval, and the image is blurred from near and far.
One of the symptoms of corneal curvature is a mixture of symptoms of nearsightedness and farsightedness, where the child is unable to see from near or far and makes an effort to do so, which will result in headaches, blurred vision of things, and writing in an unbeautiful handwriting.

4- The lazy eye:

There is no problem with myopia or farsightedness in this case, but the real problem is in the brain.
It is natural that there is an identical image of the things that we see at the level of the left eye and the right eye, and it is two-dimensional so that the brain creates a three-dimensional image.
When only a good image is available at the level of one eye, and the image of the second eye is blurry, the brain dispenses with the blurred image, which causes laziness in one eye, especially when the lack of vision is not in the same way.

5- Strabismus:

It is a result of poor eyesight, not a cause. There are 3 types of strabismus:
  • Strabismus due to lack of vision, especially due to an increase in vision, which gives internal or external strabismus due to myopia.
  • Strabismus due to weakness in the eye muscles.
  • Compound strabismus due to deficiency of sight and weakness of the eye muscles.

the reasons:

  • The child complains from birth from farsightedness and gradually adjusts to be at its maximum at the age of about 7 years. There is a certain rate of vision that should not be exceeded so that there is no congenital deformity due to exceeding the natural rate.
  • Therefore, the first reason for farsightedness is the birth of a child with a state of farsightedness, and despite its decline, the condition remains associated with a number of children, so periodic monitoring is required.
  • Myopia, which is the most common in the world, and studies have shown that the genetic factor is a pivotal reason for this.
  • Retinal disease due to premature birth
  • The height and speed of growth, and whenever the child has a tall stature, he loses sight, also if the growth is rapid.
  • Lifestyle and excessive use of screens (mobile phone, computer, TV...).
  • Do not exercise in an open place.
  • Corneal curvature is a congenital disease that can be gradually repaired in some children, but it will not disappear completely.
  • Eye infections can cause vision impairment, but not congenital vision impairment.

Diagnosis:

The diagnosis is made by optometry after placing a type of medication in the eye that helps to dilate the pupil and anesthetizes the eye muscles to obtain the correct optometry rate.

Doing a regular examination through a microscope to diagnose all parts of the eye, to monitor its pressure, fundus, and retina, and to measure the rate of vision.


Heartburn and eye tears:

Burning and tears in the eye can be a symptom of poor eyesight because it is evidence of an effort.

protection:

Prevention is to protect the child from a significant lack of vision.
Medicines can be taken to reduce the pattern of myopia.
Doing sports and activities in open spaces.
Using a type of rigid contact lens to control the pattern of deficiency in vision and to avoid glasses in children.

treatment:

The treatment is to wear medical glasses.
There is a type of nearsightedness that does not result in worrisome symptoms, so it is not necessary to wear glasses.
Wearing contact lenses, and it is desirable that they be solid, to prevent bacterial complications and dry eyes.
Flexible lenses may be used in some cases.
It is not possible to resort to surgery to correct vision in children only after the completion of growth, which is within the limits of twenty years.

Types of menstruation .. Durable. intermittent. hidden. Equal eyesight. Physiological phenomenon

What are the types of strabismus?

1- Durable:
It is apparent at all times.

2- Intermittent:
It moves from one eye to another and is an indication of the equal strength of the eyes.

3- Hidden:
appears by medical examination or fatigue Intermittent period in infants (before 4-6 months) is considered a physiological phenomenon.

Effect of refractive defects. Light gathers and focuses on the retina very accurately. Influence on visual ability. Curvature of the cornea is unusual

What do refractive defects affect?

1- It is a problem of consideration, these defects affect the cornea in particular and on the eye in general, and is one of the most common disorders and widespread eye-related ones.

2- Occurs when the curvature of the cornea is unusual (unnatural) to either be flat or overly convex.

3- In the case of the correct and natural curve of the cornea, it gathers light and focuses on the retina very accurately and vice versa.

4- When the bending is abnormal, it focuses the light on the retina with inaccuracy and this affects the visual ability in humans.

How to see things through the eye .. The cornea is a transparent lens. Iris, iris and crystal lens. Hydrophilic, retinal and optic nerve. Pathways of vision and brain treatment

How do we see things around us through the eye?
1- The vision occurs through the cornea which is the transparent lens of the eye.
2- Through the cornea, the iris and the crystalline lens.
3. It occurs by water mixing, retina and optic nerve.
4 - as well as corridors of vision and brain treatment (nerves in the brain).

Main components of the eye .. Chorionic to deliver food and oxygen to the retina through blood vessels. The retina is responsible for vision

What are the essential components of the eye?
1 - Consists of three layers respectively from the outside to the inside is solid and white color is the first layer external of the three layers of the eye.
2 - Choroid, the second layer, which lies between the solid and the retina, and its main function to deliver nutrients and oxygen to the retina through blood vessels doing this function.
3 - Retina is the third layer and the last in the eye, which is responsible for the vision of the person where it receives the light on it and turning it to electrical signals transmitted by fiber optic nerve, which gather blind spot.

The component parts of the eye. The glass body. Ciliary Body. The crystal lens. Ciliary muscles. Iris. Correction. Eyebrow. Cornea. Front or back room

What are the constituent parts of the eye?
1 - Glass body is a transparent gel that maintains the shape of the ball of the eye.
2. The ciliary body, which connects to the glass body from the front and is a muscle that controls the shape of the lens of the eye to see.
3 - eye lens / crystal lens.
4 - ciliary muscles.
5. The iris is responsible for eye color, and it consists of two types of muscles that control the expansion or narrowing of the pupil.
The iris is the black circle in the middle of the iris. Its black color is due to the fact that most of the light inside it is absorbed by the tissues inside the eye.
7- The eyebrow is the hair that is located above the eyelid, the main eyebrow function is the re-direction of liquid substances of sweat or rainwater away from the eye. The water inside the eye can change its refractive properties, making the vision blurred.
8. The cornea is located in the front of the eye, which is transparent and does not contain blood vessels.
9 - the front chamber of the vacuum between the cornea and iris.
10. The rear chamber is the vacuum between the lens of the eye and the iris.

The presence of floating objects in the field of human vision. Lack of vision in areas of the eye. Move objects with eye movement

What are the symptoms of floating objects in human vision?
1 - the emergence of things in the field of vision in one of the following forms: minutes of precision, filaments or flash.
2 - the clarity of these objects given the background color of light and uninterrupted blue sky.
3. These objects move with the movement of the eye, usually slightly slower than eye movement.
4 - Lack of vision in areas of the eye, but this occurs with large floating objects (but rare).

Causes of human exposure to floating objects .. Contraction of glass liquid that acts as a absorbent material for shocks when the eye is subjected to pressure that changes its shape

What causes human exposure to floating objects?
1 - In most cases, this phenomenon is a natural result at the age of aging, which causes a little narrowness of it.
2 - shrinkage of glass liquid, which fills about (80%) of the eye. This liquid helps to keep the eye in its round shape and acts as a shock absorber when the eye is subjected to pressure that changes its shape.
3. People who suffer from myopia are exposed to floating objects.
4. People who are subject to white water processes have a rupture of the retina.
5 - the incidence of eye injuries and infection, inflammation and bleeding.

Causes of conjunctivitis. Sexual intercourse. Ejaculation, redness and mucous secretions. Do not apply tears in the channels naturally and out of the eye

What causes conjunctivitis?
Children and adults develop conjunctivitis as a result of infection with bacteria.
2. Adults who have sexual contact and have conjunctivitis are more likely to develop bacteria that cause gonorrhea or chlamydia.
3. Environmental risks may be another factor contributing to conjunctivitis such as wind, cigarette smoke, dust, and allergic reactions due to airborne vaccines.
4 - Symptoms are deafness, redness and mucous discharge.
5. Contact lenses are the factors that cause the infection of the pink eye and is the cause of the solutions in which contact lenses are maintained.
6 - Do not apply tears in the channels naturally and out of the eye.

Diagnosis of epilepsy .. Diagnostic tests in the case of failure of initial treatment to make a farm for secretions to detect the microbes causing cancer

How Is Epilepsy Diagnosed?
1. Determine the time when symptoms appear and what symptoms a person experiences.
2. Observe other symptoms of the person and not related to the eye as an infection of the upper respiratory tract and exposure to allergies and sexually transmitted diseases.
3. Know the job or profession of the person as it may be a cause of injury such as work in the field of welding.
4. Diagnostic tests and do not resort to them unless the initial treatment fails where a plantation of excretions is done to detect the cancer causing microbe.

Inflammation of the conjunctiva .. inflammation or redness in the lining of the whites of the eye and in the inner part of the eyelid due to infection or reaction to the sensitivity of some

What is Conjunctivitis?
1. Inflammation or redness in the lining of the eye and in the inner part of the eyelid.
2. This infection may cause an infection or reaction to an allergic reaction.
3. Conjunctivitis is a common disorder of the eye and the conjunctiva is constantly exposed to microbes, microorganisms and environmental factors that infect them or allergies.
There are two types of acute and chronic inflammation and this depends on the length of the duration of the condition or inflammation.
5. Inflammation can be caused by one or both eyes. If the cause of the infection is contagious, it is possible to transmit the infection from one eye to another.

Symptoms of conjunctivitis .. Excretions of the eye in the form of a friend. Pain or tingling and swelling of the eyelid and excretion of tears. Change the color of the white eye from pink to red

What are the symptoms of conjunctivitis?
1. Change the color of the white eye from pink to red.
2. Irritation in the eye and crisp, and secretions of the eye and sometimes discharge secretions in the form of a friend.
3. Pain or prick in the eye and swelling of the eyelid and eye secretion of tears.
4. The adhesion of the eyelid to the eye and the emergence of any kind of disorders related to vision.
5. Feeling the presence of a foreign object in the eye and sensitivity of light.

Treatment of conjunctivitis .. Compresses of warm water. Antibiotic ointment. Chlamydia infection

How is conjunctivitis treated?
1. Treatment depends on the cause of injury in all cases is used compresses of warm water placed on the infected eye.
2. The viral infection causing the conjunctivitis is treated with warm water compresses on the affected eye and an antibiotic ointment is used.
3. Allergic conjunctivitis is treated by removing the patient from these causes and cold water compresses are placed on the affected eye.
4. Antibiotic ointment is used in the case of conjunctivitis, which causes chlamydia infection.
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