Showing posts with label benefits of insulin. Show all posts
Showing posts with label benefits of insulin. Show all posts

A Lifesaver: The Role of Insulin in Diabetes Care

The Benefits of Insulin Therapy:

Insulin therapy is a cornerstone of diabetes management, providing essential support for individuals with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. By regulating blood sugar levels, insulin therapy helps prevent the harmful consequences of diabetes and improves overall quality of life.

Improved Blood Sugar Control:

  • Prevention of Hyperglycemia: Insulin helps lower blood sugar levels, preventing the damaging effects of high blood sugar, such as nerve damage, kidney disease, and heart disease.
  • Reduced Risk of Complications: Effective blood sugar control can significantly reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications, including eye problems, foot ulcers, and cardiovascular disease.

Flexibility and Customization:

  • Tailored Treatment Plans: Insulin therapy can be customized to meet individual needs, allowing for flexibility in adjusting dosages and delivery methods based on lifestyle, diet, and activity levels.
  • Improved Quality of Life: Effective insulin management empowers individuals with diabetes to live more active and fulfilling lives.

Types of Insulin and Delivery Methods:

  • Rapid-Acting Insulin: Used to cover the rise in blood sugar after meals, rapid-acting insulin starts working within 15 minutes and peaks in 1-2 hours.
  • Short-Acting Insulin: Similar to rapid-acting insulin, short-acting insulin starts working within 30 minutes and peaks in 2-4 hours.
  • Intermediate-Acting Insulin: Provides a longer-acting effect, starting within 2-4 hours and peaking in 6-12 hours.
  • Long-Acting Insulin: Offers a steady baseline level of insulin for 24 hours.
  • Insulin Pumps: For more precise control, insulin pumps can deliver insulin continuously throughout the day based on real-time blood sugar readings.

Benefits of Insulin Pump Therapy:

  • Improved Blood Sugar Control: Insulin pumps can provide more precise control of blood sugar levels, reducing the risk of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
  • Increased Flexibility: Pumps allow for greater flexibility in adjusting insulin doses based on individual needs and lifestyle factors.
  • Improved Quality of Life: Insulin pumps can enhance the quality of life for individuals with diabetes by reducing the burden of multiple daily injections.

Insulin therapy is a vital tool for managing diabetes and improving overall health. By working closely with a healthcare provider, individuals with diabetes can develop a personalized insulin regimen that meets their unique needs and helps them live a healthier life.

Beyond Glucose Uptake: Understanding the Role of Insulin Degradation And Blood Sugar Regulation

Insulin Degradation: A Critical Process

Insulin degradation is a crucial mechanism for regulating blood sugar levels. After performing its essential function of facilitating glucose uptake into cells, insulin is rapidly broken down to prevent excessive insulin activity.

The Degradation Process:

The degradation of insulin occurs in several steps:
  • Internalization: Following its binding to the insulin receptor, the insulin-receptor complex is internalized into the cell through a process called endocytosis.
  • Lysosomal Degradation: The internalized insulin-receptor complex is targeted to lysosomes, cellular organelles that contain digestive enzymes.
  • Proteolysis: Within the lysosome, insulin is broken down into smaller peptides and amino acids by proteolytic enzymes.
  • Excretion: The breakdown products of insulin are then excreted from the body, primarily through the kidneys.

Factors Affecting Insulin Degradation:

Several factors can influence the rate of insulin degradation, including:
  • Insulinase Activity: The activity of insulinase, the primary enzyme responsible for insulin degradation, can vary between individuals.
  • Insulin Receptor Sensitivity: The sensitivity of insulin receptors can also affect insulin degradation. Decreased receptor sensitivity can lead to insulin resistance, a condition in which the body's cells become less responsive to insulin.
  • Metabolic Factors: Factors such as obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders can affect insulin degradation.

Importance of Insulin Degradation:

Efficient insulin degradation is essential for maintaining normal blood sugar levels. If insulin is not degraded properly, it can lead to hyperinsulinemia, a condition characterized by elevated insulin levels. This can contribute to insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders.

Understanding the process of insulin degradation is important for understanding the pathophysiology of diabetes and developing new therapeutic strategies.

Indicators of successful insulin treatment in diabetics.. HbA1c. Blood glucose monitoring. Improved kidney function. Increased energy levels. Reduced risk of neuropathy

Indicators of successful insulin treatment in diabetics:

Assessing the success of insulin treatment in diabetics involves a multifaceted approach, looking beyond just blood sugar readings. Here are some key indicators:

Glycemic control:

- HbA1c:

This blood test measures the average blood sugar level over the past 3 months. Generally, an HbA1c below 7% is considered good control for most people with diabetes. Lower HbA1c levels further reduce the risk of complications.

- Blood glucose monitoring:

Regularly checking blood sugar levels throughout the day, including before and after meals, helps track fluctuations and adjust insulin doses as needed. Aim for consistent readings within your target range set by your doctor.

Reduction in diabetes-related complications:

- Lower risk of cardiovascular events:

Successful insulin treatment can help prevent heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes.

- Improved kidney function:

Insulin can help protect the kidneys from damage caused by high blood sugar.

- Reduced risk of neuropathy:

Nerve damage due to diabetes can lead to pain, numbness, and other problems. Good insulin control can help prevent or slow the progression of neuropathy.

Improved quality of life:

- Reduced symptoms:

Diabetics on successful insulin treatment often experience fewer symptoms like fatigue, excessive thirst, and frequent urination.

- Increased energy levels:

Proper blood sugar control can boost energy levels and improve overall well-being.

- Mental and emotional well-being:

Managing diabetes effectively can positively impact mental and emotional health, reducing anxiety and depression related to the condition.

Additional indicators:

- Weight management:

Maintaining a healthy weight can significantly improve diabetes control. Successful insulin treatment can help with weight management in some individuals.

- Adherence to treatment plan:

Following the prescribed insulin regimen consistently and attending scheduled doctor appointments are crucial for successful diabetes management.

- Patient satisfaction:

Ultimately, a patient's own perception of their well-being and control over their diabetes plays a vital role in assessing treatment success.

Remember, successful insulin treatment is a continuous process that requires ongoing collaboration between the patient and their healthcare team. Regular monitoring, dose adjustments, lifestyle modifications, and education are all essential for achieving optimal glycemic control and preventing complications.

If you have any further questions or concerns about your insulin treatment, always consult your doctor for personalized advice and guidance.

Cases of the use of insulin to control diabetes.. Type I diabetes. Pregnant diabetic patient. Type II diabetes patients

Cases of the use of insulin to control diabetes

Type I diabetics:

  •  The use of insulin necessary to preserve the life of the patient Insulin requiring for survival If the patient stops insulin injections was a feather in the Wind blown diabetes. Comatose patient then develop diabetes Alosithonah (acetone) which may lead to death.
  • a patient with diabetes diabetic pregnant, whether formerly of pregnancy Preexisting DM Or event after pregnancy Gestational DM Here we should point out once again that the patient type II diabetes if desired pregnancy and decided to stop using the contraceptive method must begin using insulin for a month before the expected pregnancy and continue insulin throughout pregnancy.

type II diabetes patients:

  • early use of insulin Early insulinization The early use of insulin in patients with type II diabetes and a way to keep on producing beta cells to insulin in the pancreas and to prevent stress these cells, and its failure in the secretion of insulin. And collide this idea concerns the patient from insulin injections, and fears of a coma hypoglycemia.
  • before surgery three days and continue to give insulin for a week after surgery
  • an abscess Abscess Body such as liver abscess or around the anus Perianal abscess Or one of the lungs Lung abscess 0
  • during viral hepatitis Viral hepatitis Or pneumonia Pneumonia 0
  • liver failure or hepatic dysfunction in patients with type II diabetes because a lot of reduced grain Diabetes wholly or partly dependent on the liver to get rid of them, and some sugar-lowering drugs may lead to the deterioration of liver function.
  • renal failure CRF Whether a patient under treatment removed Conservative treatment Or under dialysis treatment or blood Breton with taking into account the use of small doses of insulin because of kidney failure leads to increase the life of insulin in the blood Half life As it is to get rid of 50% of the insulin in the blood by the kidneys.
  • a reduced sensitivity to drugs for diabetes compounds such as sulphonylureas or allergic to sulfa compounds in this case can be used drug Ribajlened Repaglinide or Okarboz Acarbose Or MetforminMetformin If we do not succeed in controlling diabetes or if there be insulin sensitivity is the appropriate treatment.

How does type 2 diabetes affect pregnancy?

When your blood sugar is high, it causes the baby to be “overfed.” This can increase risks of shoulder injuries during delivery and increases the likelihood of a cesarean delivery, or C-section. Preterm birth. Women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes are more likely to give birth early than women without diabetes.

Does insulin affect the baby?

Too much insulin or too much glucose in a baby's system may keep the lungs from growing fully. This can cause breathing problems in babies. This is more likely in babies born before 37 weeks of pregnancy.

When does insulin resistance start in pregnancy type 1?

The insulin resistance from the contra-insulin hormones produced by the placenta does not usually occur until approximately the 24th week. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus generally have normal blood sugar levels during the critical first trimester.

Which insulin is preferred in pregnancy?

Insulin detemir is preferred over insulin glargine because it has been studied more extensively in pregnancy and can be dosed twice per day more predictably than glargine, as previously mentioned. (See "General principles of insulin therapy in diabetes mellitus", section on 'Safety'.)

What is the target for type 1 diabetes during pregnancy?

Guidelines for blood glucose monitoring for type 1 diabetes using CGM include the following: Target range for blood glucose: 63 mg/dL to 140 mg/dL (3.5 mmol/L to 7.8 mmol/L).

Is insulin safe during pregnancy?

Insulin is the traditional first-choice drug for blood sugar control during pregnancy because it is the most effective for fine-tuning blood sugar and it doesn't cross the placenta. Therefore, it is safe for the baby. Insulin can be injected with a syringe, an insulin pen, or through an insulin pump.

Is pregnancy safe with type 1 diabetes?

Women who have type 1 diabetes can have a safe pregnancy and a healthy baby, but it's important to monitor diabetes complications that could worsen throughout pregnancy, such as high blood pressure, vision loss, and kidney disease.

Is insulin used for type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

If you have type 1 diabetes, insulin therapy is vital for replacing the insulin your body doesn't produce. Sometimes, people with type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes need insulin therapy if other treatments haven't been able to keep blood glucose levels within the desired range.

What is insulin?.. Take advantage of the body use sugar and energy in food and prevent the accumulation of sugar and increase attributed in blood

Insulin is a hormone secreted by special cells in the pancreas called beta cells (ie, cells No. 2), which is part of a group of cells scattered in the form of islands within the pancreas and know these islands "Langer Hans Islands" in relation to the discoverer. The hormone insulin is composed of Slseltan of Armenian acids linked by chemical bonds.
Insulin is necessary for the body to be able to take advantage and use the sugar and energy in food. Where he works to prevent the accumulation of sugar and increase attributed to human blood whatever eating sugars and starches and keep the sugar level constant throughout the twenty-four hour (Gale and Anderson, 2005).

Blood sugar and mechanism of action of insulin.. Chemical reactions inside most cells of the body and stimulate the consumption of sugar in the cells stored in the liver and muscles

Dissolves in human blood approximately 5 grams of glucose "fill a teaspoon." This sugar is the main source of energy for the work of the various organs of the body in humans. In order to burn the sugar and energy production, the body needs the hormone insulin and glucose that enters into the cells of the body to burn and produce energy.
And get the body to glucose often when eating foods containing carbohydrates such as: rice or bread or pasta or sugary substances such as: table sugar, or jam, or sweets. Where sugars are converted in the food in the gut into sugars Mono is mostly sugar Glucose. The basic sugary material In the blood.
And some sugars do not turn into sugar such as glucose fructose "fructose Fructose "Which is used as fuel for the cell., As well as Article carbohydrates" cellulose   Cellulose "Where it can not be digested by humans or animals. 
The proteins are converted into amino acids. Then the cells lining the wall of the small intestine absorb glucose and amino acids, and transferred to the bloodstream where it gets a sharp rise in the level of glucose in the blood. And alerts the rise in blood sugar beta cells in the pancreas to secrete the hormone insulin, which starts quickly in the blood. Insulin moves sugar and amino acids from the blood into the cells of the body, especially the liver and muscle cells.
In order to lead insulin function, it binds with proteins on the cell called "insulin receptors" It does two basic functions for glucose: First these receptors Koagafal operate gates, and when insulin binds, works as a key, open the glucose to enter the cell. The second function of the insulin receptors are sending signals to another protein called "Transmission glucose", which carries glucose into the cell to burn and produce the necessary energy for the activity and vitality of the body.
And insulin plays an important role in the chemical reactions inside most cells of the body, but its effect appears clearly in:
· Liver: insulin stores excess sugar from the body's need to generate energy in the liver in the form of glycogen (animal starch) to reproduce sugar him in time of need.
Does not stop the action of insulin at this point of discharge glucose uptake, but also to the formation of glucose in the liver of other vehicles amino Kalahmad .. It even works on the union of these amino acids together to form proteins as it helps protein in the construction process.
· Muscle: insulin stores excess sugar from the body's need muscle in the form of animal starch.
· Fat cells: insulin helps store excess glucose storage capacity of the liver and muscles in the form of fat in the fat cells in the body and reduces cracking these fats for use in time of need.
From this it is clear that the role of insulin is to stimulate the consumption of sugar in the cells with storage in the liver and muscles Vtkon collected reducing sugar in the blood.

Appropriate insulin for a diabetic.. Select the type of insulin in accordance with the nature of the patient's eating and sport style.

Vary in response diabetic insulin from one person to another. The suit some patients a specific type of insulin may not be suitable for others.
And therefore it should consult a physician to choose the right type of insulin for his health.
And usually choose the type of insulin in accordance with the nature of the patient's eating and sport style.

When there is a resort to insulin therapy?.. Inability to control the level of sugar in the blood through nutrition and weight loss, sports or sugar-lowering disks

** Patients with type I diabetes where there is no insulin.
** Patients with type II diabetes in the absence of the ability to control the level of sugar in the blood by nutrition, weight loss, sports, or sugar-lowering disks.
** Coma sugar Alkithonip.
** During surgical procedures.
** Pregnant women living with diabetes.

Insulin most powerful weapon in the war on diabetes.. The need to control the sharp rise in sugar in the blood

Haunt diabetic state of panic and fear if what the doctor told him that the treatment will be injected insulin. I remember a patient in the fifty-year-old Imminent diabetes suddenly was in her blood sugar level 540 mg / dl two hours after breakfast.
It was diagnosed as diabetes type II, and told her that he must begin treatment insulin I took crying heavily and requests to write her any kind of grain reduced sugar, whatever the price, and convinced her difficulty that insulin is the need to control high sugar sharp in her blood and after that diabetes was controlled with insulin therapy was discontinued gradually and is now under treatment, one of the grain, which increases the tissue response to insulin Insulin senstizer.

mechanism of action of insulin.. The human body needs a small amount of insulin between meals and a larger amount with meals

The human body needs a small amount of insulin between meals and a larger amount with meals. Most diabetics need me more than one type of insulin to compensate for decreasing.
Short-acting insulin:
Helps the body to take advantage of food Will be eaten, taken more than once in the   The majority of patients, especially in patients   The first type.
Long-acting insulin:
Helps maintain the insurance insulin in the body between meals or during the night.
Insulin mixture ready:
Is ready compound of short-acting insulin and long-acting together. Easy to measure the dose of insulin, but in most cases it is difficult to control the level of sugar in the blood.
Name insulin
Effect begins
Best effect
End effect
Q and Lin very short-acting ((Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine *
10 minutes
90 minutes
3 hours
Enso Lin short-acting ** (Regular)
30 minutes
3-4 hours
8 hours
Intermediate acting insulin ( (NPH
90 - 120 minutes
4 - 15 hours
22-24 hours
Long-acting insulinUltralente, Glargine))
4 hours
10-24 hours
36 hours
Ready-mix insulin
0-1 hours
3-13 hours
12-20 hours
* Must be taken from (0-15) minutes before the meal
* Must be taken 30 minutes before a meal.

And mechanism of action of insulin.. The human body needs a small amount of insulin between meals and a larger amount with meals

The human body needs a small amount of insulin between meals and a larger amount with meals. Most diabetics need me more than one type of insulin to compensate for decreasing.
Short-acting insulin:
Helps the body to take advantage of food Will be eaten, taken more than once in the   The majority of patients, especially in patients   The first type.
Long-acting insulin:
Helps maintain the insurance insulin in the body between meals or during the night.
Insulin mixture ready:
Is ready compound of short-acting insulin and long-acting together. Easy to measure the dose of insulin, but in most cases it is difficult to control the level of sugar in the blood.
Name insulin
Effect begins
Best effect
End effect
Q and Lin very short-acting ((Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine *
10 minutes
90 minutes
3 hours
Enso Lin short-acting ** (Regular)
30 minutes
3-4 hours
8 hours
Intermediate acting insulin ( (NPH
90 - 120 minutes
4 - 15 hours
22-24 hours
Long-acting insulinUltralente, Glargine))
4 hours
10-24 hours
36 hours
Ready-mix insulin
0-1 hours
3-13 hours
12-20 hours
* Must be taken from (0-15) minutes before the meal
* Must be taken 30 minutes before a meal.

Insulin and genetic engineering.. Making genetically engineered insulin and enzyme cutters and feed him with tonic inside human cells

Now a Sobh we can make genetically engineered insulin we know how to take the (DNA ) Human consumption and go enzyme know how Ntamh with tonic Lake so that it works as it should inside human cells, but a few useful in other cells, then a Nha Operate a divorce Inside Cola j test was performed on the harmless bacteria are a special breed of Alco in which inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of humans.
The rights and many of the animals harboring this type of bacteria which were benign, but it's not always like this.
  Then came the discovery of insulin left in the hands of the world Singer (Fredric   Sanger) Fbd astudying insulin installation, material produced by a gland in the body, a protein used against "diabetes", and received the Nobel Prize for insulin ride.
May make improvement in the way the world Klein at the time were not adult mice is the goal of this Genetic engineering, but injection (DNA ) Into fertilized mouse egg and then planted in the mouse and allowed the egg to grow into a mouse and Walid, and this is all mouse cells Alwaleed had received gene "new" They are all originated from a fertilized egg engineered 0 If Tsoajt these genetically engineered mice with After Vstmrr gene "new" to their offspring, just as happens with every other gene This method has the advantage of very effective We inject (DNA) Himself in a mouse egg we are sure of the arrival of the (DNA) To the nucleus of the egg and this violates the methods used by Klein The efficiency of these methods in the insertion of the (DNA) In the cell is low, and was based on the separation of genetically engineered cells after completing step Genetic Engineering.
We have seen this process applied themselves on a Ku-Lay, only to discover none of the cells carrying Blazmidaenga genetically.
If Albulazmida carries gene resistant penicillin, what we only need to cultivate Alcolay in the presence of penicillin Vtamot all cells that I take the plasmid.
Possible to apply the same thing on human cells as is currently done where possible to isolate the gene Responsible for insulin in humans and grown in a 0 coli that produce insulin.

Insulin.. Regulate the level of sugar in the blood to enter glucose (blood sugar) into the cells of muscle and adipose tissue

Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells b cells In the islets of Langerhans pancreas, which is responsible for regulating the level of sugar in the blood so that lead to the entry of glucose (blood sugar) into the cells of muscle and adipose tissue through Transmission of glucose called Glut 4 , And glucose is the main energy source for the muscles, so the presence of insulin is very important to maintain the level of sugar in the blood, muscle building, and the growth of a child with diabetes normally. While brain consumes 80% of the blood glucose at rest in fasting glucose entry into brain cells does not depend on insulin.
The moves glucose from the blood to the brain cells by glucose transporters of the Third KindGlut-3 Which does not depend on insulin.
Therefore, Type I diabetic who suffers from a lack of insulin in the body remains cerebral functions has completely intact unless wounded coma high ketone sugar (Asiton) or diabetic coma shortage.
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