There are types of bacteria whose cells contain a small chromosome, in addition to the original chromosome in the nucleus.
This small chromosome was called: plasmid. The latter represents one molecule of DNA that is in the form of a closed loop and carries some genes that enable bacteria to resist some antibiotics.
Scientists have isolated these plasmids and introduced them into other bacterial cells and showed resistance to antibiotics.
It is the nature of these plasmids that they proliferate spontaneously within new cells (hosts) and pass from generation to generation.
For these characteristics, plasmids, after transplantation of the desired gene in their parts, were used as vectors to convert the gene from one cell to another.
This small chromosome was called: plasmid. The latter represents one molecule of DNA that is in the form of a closed loop and carries some genes that enable bacteria to resist some antibiotics.
Scientists have isolated these plasmids and introduced them into other bacterial cells and showed resistance to antibiotics.
It is the nature of these plasmids that they proliferate spontaneously within new cells (hosts) and pass from generation to generation.
For these characteristics, plasmids, after transplantation of the desired gene in their parts, were used as vectors to convert the gene from one cell to another.