- Cold packs are applied for the first 20 to 48 hours after an injury; then heat is applied. During cold application, the pack is applied for 20 minutes and then removed for 10 to 15 minutes to prevent reflex dilation (rebound phenomenon) and frostbite injury.
- The pons is located above the medulla and consists of white matter (sensory and motor tracts) and gray matter (reflex centers).
- The pons is located above the medulla and consists of white matter (sensory and motor tracts) and gray matter (reflex centers).