A male client with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism. This diagnosis indicates that the client’s hypertension is caused by excessive hormone secretion from which of the following glands?
a- Adrenal cortex.
b- Pancreas.
c- Adrenal medulla.
d- Parathyroid.
Answer A.
Excessive secretion of aldosterone in the adrenal cortex is responsible for the client’s hypertension.
This hormone acts on the renal tubule, where it promotes reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions.
The pancreas mainly secretes hormones involved in fuel metabolism.
The adrenal medulla secretes the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine.
The parathyroids secrete parathyroid hormone.
The adrenal cortex or adrenal cortex, as its name suggests, is the cortex (bark) of the adrenal gland. It plays an important role in the regulation of the metabolism of ions and salts and in an anti-inflammatory action. It also regulates the production of androgens.
Composition:
The adrenal cortex is derived from the mesoderm2. It is composed of endocrine glandular cells with lipid secretion divided into three zones which are divided into three successive layers:
In the distal layer of the adrenal cortex is the glomerular zone (G). The cells are organized in islands. They produce mineralocorticoids that regulate the metabolism of ions and salts.
In the next layer is the fascicular area (F). The cells are organized in cords. They produce glucocorticoids (cortisone, hydrocortisone) that have an anti-inflammatory action.
In the last layer of the adrenal cortex is the reticular zone (R). The cells are organized in islands. They produce androgen.
Coloring:
In light microscopy, routine staining (Masson trichrome blue, green, etc.), paraffin section (lipid extraction).
a- Adrenal cortex.
b- Pancreas.
c- Adrenal medulla.
d- Parathyroid.
Answer A.
Excessive secretion of aldosterone in the adrenal cortex is responsible for the client’s hypertension.
This hormone acts on the renal tubule, where it promotes reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions.
The pancreas mainly secretes hormones involved in fuel metabolism.
The adrenal medulla secretes the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine.
The parathyroids secrete parathyroid hormone.
The adrenal cortex or adrenal cortex, as its name suggests, is the cortex (bark) of the adrenal gland. It plays an important role in the regulation of the metabolism of ions and salts and in an anti-inflammatory action. It also regulates the production of androgens.
Composition:
The adrenal cortex is derived from the mesoderm2. It is composed of endocrine glandular cells with lipid secretion divided into three zones which are divided into three successive layers:
In the distal layer of the adrenal cortex is the glomerular zone (G). The cells are organized in islands. They produce mineralocorticoids that regulate the metabolism of ions and salts.
In the next layer is the fascicular area (F). The cells are organized in cords. They produce glucocorticoids (cortisone, hydrocortisone) that have an anti-inflammatory action.
In the last layer of the adrenal cortex is the reticular zone (R). The cells are organized in islands. They produce androgen.
Coloring:
In light microscopy, routine staining (Masson trichrome blue, green, etc.), paraffin section (lipid extraction).
