A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medication during shift change.
Which of the following medications would be contraindicated if the patient were pregnant? Select all that apply:
- Warfarin (Coumadin)
- Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar)
- Celecoxib (Celebrex)
- Clonidine (Catapres)
- Transdermal nicotine (Habitrol)
- Clofazimine (Lamprene)
Answers: A, and B.
Option A: Warfarin (Coumadin). Has a pregnancy category X and associated with central nervous system defects, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, prematurity, hemorrhage, and ocular defects when given anytime during pregnancy and a fetal warfarin syndrome when given during the first trimester.Option B: Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar). Also has a pregnancy category X which has a high risk of causing permanent damage to the fetus.
Option C: Celecoxib (Celebrex). Large doses cause birth defects in rabbits; not known if the effect on people is the same.
Option D: Clonidine (Catapres). Crosses the placenta but no adverse fetal effects have been observed.
Option E: Transdermal nicotine (Habitrol). Nicotine replacement products have been assigned to pregnancy category C (nicotine gum) and category D (transdermal patches, inhalers, and spray nicotine products).
Option F: Clofazimine (Lamprene). Clofazimine has been assigned to pregnancy category C.
What are the four most important coronary heart disease risk factors?
What health conditions increase the risk of heart disease?
- High blood pressure. High blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart disease. ...
- Unhealthy blood cholesterol levels. Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance made by the liver or found in certain foods. ...
- Diabetes mellitus. ...
- Obesity.
What is the first line treatment for coronary artery disease?
β‐blockers should be first line treatment in patients with established CAD. For patients with a prior history of myocardial infarction (MI), β‐blockers reduce mortality by approximately 20%.
What is the first step in treatment of coronary heart diseases?
Generally, heart disease treatment can include: Lifestyle Modifications These are often the first steps to managing heart disease. Lifestyle changes include eating a heart-healthy diet low in sodium and fat, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and limiting alcohol use.
What foods make your arteries stronger?
Here are nine of the best foods to help increase blood flow and circulation in your body:
- Pomegranate juice. Pomegranate juice is rich in antioxidants, which help open the blood vessels to allow more blood to flow through. ...
- Onions. ...
- Fatty fish. ...
- Beets. ...
- Leafy greens. ...
- Citrus fruits. ...
- Walnuts. ...
- Tomatoes.
What foods prevent arteries?
The first tenet of a successful diet for coronary artery disease is avoiding foods that raise LDL cholesterol -- namely those that are rich in saturated fat, such as red meat, coconut oil, butter, cheese, and whole and 2 percent milk.
What foods are good to keep arteries clean?
A healthy diet rich in nutrient-dense foods may help reduce your risk of developing clogged arteries. Research has shown that adding foods like cruciferous vegetables, fish, berries, olive oil, oats, onions, greens, and beans to your diet may be an effective way to prevent atherosclerosis.
What are the symptoms of coronary artery disease?
- Chest pain or discomfort (angina)
- Weakness, light-headedness, nausea (feeling sick to your stomach), or a cold sweat.
- Pain or discomfort in the arms or shoulder.
- Shortness of breath.
What nutrients are good for arteries?
Avoid Clogged Arteries with These 8 Healthy Foods
- Fish. Fatty or oily fish such as salmon and tuna are a great source of omega-3 fats, compounds which have been shown in studies to reduce the amount of plaque which sticks in your arteries. ...
- Seeds & Nuts. ...
- Green Vegetables. ...
- Olive Oil. ...
- Berries. ...
- Avocado. ...
- Broccoli. ...
- Chocolate.
What 3 things would you have to do to treat coronary artery disease?
Treatment for coronary artery disease usually involves lifestyle changes such as not smoking, eating healthy and exercising more. Sometimes, medications and procedures are needed.
What are the goals of nursing care for patients with coronary artery disease?
The main goal of nursing interventions for CAD is reducing the risk of complications and death. Nurses can help patients by administering medications that reduce cholesterol levels, lowering blood pressure, improving circulation, and reducing other risk factors associated with the condition.
What can you teach a patient about coronary artery disease?
Avoid foods that have a lot of sugar. Walk or do some form of physically activity on most days of the week. Lose weight, if you are overweight. People who have chest pain caused by coronary artery disease (called "angina") can also get medicines to relive their pain.
What is the nutritional treatment for coronary artery disease?
Physicians should encourage patients to eat at least five to seven servings of vegetables and fruits daily. Monounsaturated cooking oils and garlic also decrease the oxidation of LDL cholesterol. In one study,31 olive oil decreased LDL oxidation and also decreased macrophage uptake of LDL cholesterol.
