ACUTE, NONGRANULOMATOUS:
1. Idiopathic
2. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27–associated uveitis (without systemic disease).
3. Trauma (see Traumatic Iritis, Section 3.6)
4. Ankylosing spondylitis (Young adult men, often with low back pain, abnormal sacroiliac spine radiographs, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), positive HLA-B27.)
5. Inflammatory bowel disease (Chronic intermittent diarrhea, often alternating with constipation.)
6. Reiter's syndrome reactive arthritis (Young adult men, conjunctivitis, urethritis, polyarthritis, occasionally keratitis, increased ESR, positive HLA-B27, may have recurrent episodes.)
7. Psoriatic arthritis (Iritis is not associated with psoriasis without arthritis.)
8. Glaucomatocyclitic crisis (Recurrent episodes of acute IOP increase, open angle on gonioscopy, corneal edema, fine KP, fixed middilated pupil, and mild iritis. See Section 10.12, Glaucomatocyclitic Crisis.)
9. Lens-induced uveitis (Often after incomplete extracapsular cataract extraction or trauma damaging the lens capsule; also may be secondary to a hypermature cataract.)
10. Postoperative iritis (An anterior-chamber reaction is expected after intraocular surgery. Severe reactions with excessive pain, however, must make the examiner consider endophthalmitis. See Postoperative Uveitis, Section 13.9.)
11. UGH syndrome (uveitis–glaucoma–hyphema) [Usually secondary to irritation from an intraocular lens (especially a closed-loop anterior-chamber lens). See Postoperative Glaucoma, Section 10.15.]
12. Behçet's disease (Young adults, acute hypopyon, iritis, aphthous mouth ulcers, genital ulcerations, erythema nodosum, positive Behçet's skin-puncture test if active systemic disease is present, often retinal vasculitis and hemorrhages, may have recurrent episodes.)
13. Lyme disease (Often a history of a tick bite. May have a skin rash and/or arthritis. See Section 14.4, Lyme Disease.)
14. Anterior-segment ischemia (Caused by carotid insufficiency, flare out of proportion to the cellular reaction, pain.)
15. Mumps, influenza, adenovirus, measles, chlamydia (Rare causes of transient anterior uveitis.)
16. Medication (Rifabutin, systemic sulfonamides, cidofovir, and topical optipranolol can all cause uveitis.)
17. Tight contact lens (Red eye, corneal edema, epithelial defects, iritis ± hypopyon, no stromal infiltrates.)
18. Other rare causes of anterior uveitis (Leptospirosis, Kawasaki's disease, rickettsial disease.)
1. Idiopathic
2. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27–associated uveitis (without systemic disease).
3. Trauma (see Traumatic Iritis, Section 3.6)
4. Ankylosing spondylitis (Young adult men, often with low back pain, abnormal sacroiliac spine radiographs, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), positive HLA-B27.)
5. Inflammatory bowel disease (Chronic intermittent diarrhea, often alternating with constipation.)
6. Reiter's syndrome reactive arthritis (Young adult men, conjunctivitis, urethritis, polyarthritis, occasionally keratitis, increased ESR, positive HLA-B27, may have recurrent episodes.)
7. Psoriatic arthritis (Iritis is not associated with psoriasis without arthritis.)
8. Glaucomatocyclitic crisis (Recurrent episodes of acute IOP increase, open angle on gonioscopy, corneal edema, fine KP, fixed middilated pupil, and mild iritis. See Section 10.12, Glaucomatocyclitic Crisis.)
9. Lens-induced uveitis (Often after incomplete extracapsular cataract extraction or trauma damaging the lens capsule; also may be secondary to a hypermature cataract.)
10. Postoperative iritis (An anterior-chamber reaction is expected after intraocular surgery. Severe reactions with excessive pain, however, must make the examiner consider endophthalmitis. See Postoperative Uveitis, Section 13.9.)
11. UGH syndrome (uveitis–glaucoma–hyphema) [Usually secondary to irritation from an intraocular lens (especially a closed-loop anterior-chamber lens). See Postoperative Glaucoma, Section 10.15.]
12. Behçet's disease (Young adults, acute hypopyon, iritis, aphthous mouth ulcers, genital ulcerations, erythema nodosum, positive Behçet's skin-puncture test if active systemic disease is present, often retinal vasculitis and hemorrhages, may have recurrent episodes.)
13. Lyme disease (Often a history of a tick bite. May have a skin rash and/or arthritis. See Section 14.4, Lyme Disease.)
14. Anterior-segment ischemia (Caused by carotid insufficiency, flare out of proportion to the cellular reaction, pain.)
15. Mumps, influenza, adenovirus, measles, chlamydia (Rare causes of transient anterior uveitis.)
16. Medication (Rifabutin, systemic sulfonamides, cidofovir, and topical optipranolol can all cause uveitis.)
17. Tight contact lens (Red eye, corneal edema, epithelial defects, iritis ± hypopyon, no stromal infiltrates.)
18. Other rare causes of anterior uveitis (Leptospirosis, Kawasaki's disease, rickettsial disease.)