when administering heparin , the substance the nurse would keep available as the antidote is:
- A. magnesium sulphate
- B. protamine sulphate
- C. calcium gloconate
- D. vitamin k
The correct answer is B. protamine sulfate.
Here's why:
Heparin:
is an anticoagulant medication that can cause excessive bleeding if its effects need to be reversed.
Protamine sulfate:
is the specific antidote for heparin. It neutralizes the anticoagulant effects of heparin by binding to it and forming a complex that is then eliminated from the body.
Magnesium sulfate, calcium gluconate, and vitamin K:
are not antidotes for heparin and have different therapeutic uses:
- Magnesium sulfate is used to treat seizures and muscle cramps, but it does not affect heparin's anticoagulant action.
- Calcium gluconate helps with electrolyte imbalances and can be used to treat hypocalcemia, but it does not directly antagonize heparin.
- Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting but works through a different mechanism than heparin and is not effective in reversing its anticoagulant effects.
Therefore, protamine sulfate is the only option that specifically counteracts the effects of heparin and should be readily available when administering heparin in case of an overdose or unexpected bleeding.
Remember, this information is for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional for specific guidance on medication administration and antidotes.
