Nitrous oxide gas (funny gas):
It was the first chemical ever to have discovered its ability to induce anesthesia in humans. Its solubility in water is very low, so it is not used alone in anesthesia, but mixed with other gases. It is also used to maintain anesthesia, and it allows for the reduction of dosage of other anesthetics.
Oxygen:
Should be routinely added during anesthesia using inhalers to prevent hypoxemia. Oxygen is also used in myocardial infarction and severe acute asthma.
Halothane:
It is a transparent, colorless liquid, with a smell of good odor, and is not irritating, and is the most widely used generic product. Its drug effect on the patient is fast and acceptable. The patient can wake up quickly within one hour after the surgery. Patients usually aspirate halothane vapor, with oxygen, with a mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide.
It can be said that it is a pilot fluid drug, characterized by its effectiveness and non-irritation, and its gentle effect in the induction of anesthesia, and is nice when inhaled, rarely cause coughing or self-restraint, but despite these advantages has been reduced use now because of the association with the occurrence of liver toxicity Severe ..
This hepatotoxicity is commonly associated with repeated exposure to halothane. This condition causes a high rate of mortality. The risk of severe hepatic toxicity appears to increase during recurrent intervals. However, there have been cases where jaundice has developed in sensitive patients who have been exposed to halothanes at intervals Long (sometimes several years). There is no reliable reliable method for identifying sensitive patients so it is advisable to take.
Precautions before use:
- The patient's biography should be taken in previous anesthesia to accurately determine the prior exposure and previous reactions to halothane.
Frequent exposure to halothane should be avoided within less than 3 months.
- The existence of a biography of unexplained jaundice or hyperthermia after exposure to halothane is an antidote for future use in this patient.
Halothane causes respiratory cardiac arrest. Respiratory obstruction increases the tension of the arterial carbon dioxide and may lead to ventricular arrhythmia. This requires avoidance of adrenaline in patients who have been anesthetized using halothane. Halothane also inhibits the cardiac muscle fibers and may cause heart failure and decreased output. Cardiac and arterial pressure drop.
Halothane occurs with moderate muscular relaxation, but this relaxation may not be sufficient to perform major abdominal surgeries, so use specific muscle relaxants.
It was the first chemical ever to have discovered its ability to induce anesthesia in humans. Its solubility in water is very low, so it is not used alone in anesthesia, but mixed with other gases. It is also used to maintain anesthesia, and it allows for the reduction of dosage of other anesthetics.
Oxygen:
Should be routinely added during anesthesia using inhalers to prevent hypoxemia. Oxygen is also used in myocardial infarction and severe acute asthma.
Halothane:
It is a transparent, colorless liquid, with a smell of good odor, and is not irritating, and is the most widely used generic product. Its drug effect on the patient is fast and acceptable. The patient can wake up quickly within one hour after the surgery. Patients usually aspirate halothane vapor, with oxygen, with a mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide.
It can be said that it is a pilot fluid drug, characterized by its effectiveness and non-irritation, and its gentle effect in the induction of anesthesia, and is nice when inhaled, rarely cause coughing or self-restraint, but despite these advantages has been reduced use now because of the association with the occurrence of liver toxicity Severe ..
This hepatotoxicity is commonly associated with repeated exposure to halothane. This condition causes a high rate of mortality. The risk of severe hepatic toxicity appears to increase during recurrent intervals. However, there have been cases where jaundice has developed in sensitive patients who have been exposed to halothanes at intervals Long (sometimes several years). There is no reliable reliable method for identifying sensitive patients so it is advisable to take.
Precautions before use:
- The patient's biography should be taken in previous anesthesia to accurately determine the prior exposure and previous reactions to halothane.
Frequent exposure to halothane should be avoided within less than 3 months.
- The existence of a biography of unexplained jaundice or hyperthermia after exposure to halothane is an antidote for future use in this patient.
Halothane causes respiratory cardiac arrest. Respiratory obstruction increases the tension of the arterial carbon dioxide and may lead to ventricular arrhythmia. This requires avoidance of adrenaline in patients who have been anesthetized using halothane. Halothane also inhibits the cardiac muscle fibers and may cause heart failure and decreased output. Cardiac and arterial pressure drop.
Halothane occurs with moderate muscular relaxation, but this relaxation may not be sufficient to perform major abdominal surgeries, so use specific muscle relaxants.