When caring for a male client with diabetes insipidus, nurse Juliet expects to administer:
a- vasopressin (Pitressin Synthetic).
b- furosemide (Lasix).
c- regular insulin.
d- 10% dextrose.
Answer A.
Because diabetes insipidus results from decreased antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) production, the nurse should expect to administer synthetic vasopressin for hormone replacement therapy. Furosemide, a diuretic, is contraindicated because a client with diabetes insipidus experiences polyuria. Insulin and dextrose are used to treat diabetes mellitus and its complications, not diabetes insipidus.
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Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone): these are its functions
This hormone regulates the reabsorption of water molecules and therefore favors fluid retention.
Hormones are chemical compounds that, when released by the endocrine glands in the blood or nervous system of living beings, exert modulatory effects on the functions of other cells and body structures.
One of the most relevant and well-known human hormones is vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone, which is essential for fluid retention or stress response, among other phenomena. In this article we will analyze the properties and functions of vasopressin.
What is vasopressin?
Vasopressin is also known as "argipressin," "arginine vasopressin" and "antidiuretic hormone." As this last name suggests, this hormone fulfills functions related to the reabsorption of water molecules through the kidneys and the decrease in the amount of urine accumulated in the body.
It is an oligopeptide, that is, a molecule composed of the union of a small number of amino acids, specifically 9. On the other hand, polypeptides are sets of between 10 and 100 amino acids, while talking about "proteins" to refer to to clusters of more than 100 molecules of this type.
Specifically, vasopressin contains an amino group (-NH2), cysteine (Cys), tyrosine (Tyr), phenylalanine (Phe), glutamine (Gln), asparagine (Asn), proline (Pro), arginine (Arg) and a carboxyl group (-COOH).
Vasopressin is secreted by the neurohypophysis, the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, in response to changes in osmotic concentration and blood volume. Although most of the vasopressin we produce is released into the bloodstream, its effects on the brain also explain some of its functions.
Other pituitary hormones:
The pituitary gland is one of the main endocrine glands. It fulfills an intermediary function between the hypothalamus, which initiates the secretion of hormones, and the rest of the endocrine system by sending biochemical signals.
This structure is composed of two lobes: the anterior or adenohypophysis and the posterior or neurohypophysis. While the posterior pituitary gland stores the hormones vasopressin and oxytocin (related to maternity and orgasm), the adenohypophysis secretes hormones that release thyrotropin, corticotropin, gonadotropins and growth hormone.
Functions of this hormone:
The main functions of vasopressin are associated with its ability to regulate the activity of the kidneys; However, this hormone also has effects on other body systems, including the cardiovascular and central nervous system.
1- Retention and reabsorption of liquids:
Vasopressin increases the permeability of kidney cells, increasing the amount of water they absorb; This function is called "antidiuresis." Such a process also implies an increase in the concentration of urine due to the lower availability of fluid in the excretory system.
On the other hand, the antidiuretic hormone also reabsorbs urea, the main chemical compound of urine, formed by waste products from the body. This prevents the frequency of urination from being excessive.
2- Maintenance of homeostatic balance:
Homeostasis (self-regulation of the internal environment of organisms) depends on a large number of factors; Among these is the activity of vasopressin. If homeostatic mechanisms fail, problems such as dehydration and acidosis can occur.
This hormone helps maintain the electrolyte balance of the bloodstream by retaining and reabsorption of adequate amounts of water, glucose and sodium, among other chemical compounds relevant to the functioning of the body.
3- Increase in blood pressure:
Another of the most prominent effects of vasopressin is the increase in blood pressure. This function occurs as a consequence of the vasoconstrictor properties of this hormone, which have a moderate intensity. The potentiating role of vasopressin on hormones and neurotransmitters associated with stress is also important in explaining this effect.
4- Modulation of the stress response:
Although scientific research has not fully confirmed it at the moment, there is strong evidence that vasopressin has a modulating effect on the body's response to stressful (or anxious) situations.
The antidiuretic hormone regulates the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone, also called "adrenocorticotropic hormone-releasing hormone." This compound promotes the secretion of corticosteroids such as aldosterone and cortisol, mainly associated with vasoconstriction and stress response, by the adrenal gland.
a- vasopressin (Pitressin Synthetic).
b- furosemide (Lasix).
c- regular insulin.
d- 10% dextrose.
Answer A.
Because diabetes insipidus results from decreased antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) production, the nurse should expect to administer synthetic vasopressin for hormone replacement therapy. Furosemide, a diuretic, is contraindicated because a client with diabetes insipidus experiences polyuria. Insulin and dextrose are used to treat diabetes mellitus and its complications, not diabetes insipidus.
------------------------
Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone): these are its functions
This hormone regulates the reabsorption of water molecules and therefore favors fluid retention.
Hormones are chemical compounds that, when released by the endocrine glands in the blood or nervous system of living beings, exert modulatory effects on the functions of other cells and body structures.
One of the most relevant and well-known human hormones is vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone, which is essential for fluid retention or stress response, among other phenomena. In this article we will analyze the properties and functions of vasopressin.
What is vasopressin?
Vasopressin is also known as "argipressin," "arginine vasopressin" and "antidiuretic hormone." As this last name suggests, this hormone fulfills functions related to the reabsorption of water molecules through the kidneys and the decrease in the amount of urine accumulated in the body.
It is an oligopeptide, that is, a molecule composed of the union of a small number of amino acids, specifically 9. On the other hand, polypeptides are sets of between 10 and 100 amino acids, while talking about "proteins" to refer to to clusters of more than 100 molecules of this type.
Specifically, vasopressin contains an amino group (-NH2), cysteine (Cys), tyrosine (Tyr), phenylalanine (Phe), glutamine (Gln), asparagine (Asn), proline (Pro), arginine (Arg) and a carboxyl group (-COOH).
Vasopressin is secreted by the neurohypophysis, the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, in response to changes in osmotic concentration and blood volume. Although most of the vasopressin we produce is released into the bloodstream, its effects on the brain also explain some of its functions.
Other pituitary hormones:
The pituitary gland is one of the main endocrine glands. It fulfills an intermediary function between the hypothalamus, which initiates the secretion of hormones, and the rest of the endocrine system by sending biochemical signals.
This structure is composed of two lobes: the anterior or adenohypophysis and the posterior or neurohypophysis. While the posterior pituitary gland stores the hormones vasopressin and oxytocin (related to maternity and orgasm), the adenohypophysis secretes hormones that release thyrotropin, corticotropin, gonadotropins and growth hormone.
Functions of this hormone:
The main functions of vasopressin are associated with its ability to regulate the activity of the kidneys; However, this hormone also has effects on other body systems, including the cardiovascular and central nervous system.
1- Retention and reabsorption of liquids:
Vasopressin increases the permeability of kidney cells, increasing the amount of water they absorb; This function is called "antidiuresis." Such a process also implies an increase in the concentration of urine due to the lower availability of fluid in the excretory system.
On the other hand, the antidiuretic hormone also reabsorbs urea, the main chemical compound of urine, formed by waste products from the body. This prevents the frequency of urination from being excessive.
2- Maintenance of homeostatic balance:
Homeostasis (self-regulation of the internal environment of organisms) depends on a large number of factors; Among these is the activity of vasopressin. If homeostatic mechanisms fail, problems such as dehydration and acidosis can occur.
This hormone helps maintain the electrolyte balance of the bloodstream by retaining and reabsorption of adequate amounts of water, glucose and sodium, among other chemical compounds relevant to the functioning of the body.
3- Increase in blood pressure:
Another of the most prominent effects of vasopressin is the increase in blood pressure. This function occurs as a consequence of the vasoconstrictor properties of this hormone, which have a moderate intensity. The potentiating role of vasopressin on hormones and neurotransmitters associated with stress is also important in explaining this effect.
4- Modulation of the stress response:
Although scientific research has not fully confirmed it at the moment, there is strong evidence that vasopressin has a modulating effect on the body's response to stressful (or anxious) situations.
The antidiuretic hormone regulates the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone, also called "adrenocorticotropic hormone-releasing hormone." This compound promotes the secretion of corticosteroids such as aldosterone and cortisol, mainly associated with vasoconstriction and stress response, by the adrenal gland.
5- Reduction of pain sensation:
In recent years, the involvement of vasopressin in the modulation of pain sensations has begun. It is believed that this hormone could act as an analgesic; This would imply that, when released under certain conditions, vasopressin would have reinforcing effects because of the positive sensations associated with its secretion.
6- Formation of sexual and social ties:
Rodent studies suggest that vasopressin release also acts as an enhancer of social ties, especially couples. In humans these effects have been found especially in men and are related to the direct release of the antidiuretic hormone in the reward circuits of the central nervous system.
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Endocrine Disorders