Nurse Joy is providing postprocedure care for a client who underwent percutaneous lithotripsy. In this procedure, an ultrasonic probe inserted through a nephrostomy tube into the renal pelvis generates ultra–high-frequency sound waves to shatter renal calculi. The nurse should instruct the client to:
a- limit oral fluid intake for 1 to 2 weeks.
b- report the presence of fine, sandlike particles through the nephrostomy tube.
c- notify the physician about cloudy or foul-smelling urine.
d- report bright pink urine within 24 hours after the procedure.
Answer C.
The client should report the presence of foul-smelling or cloudy urine. Unless contraindicated, the client should be instructed to drink large quantities of fluid each day to flush the kidneys. Sandlike debris is normal due to residual stone products. Hematuria is common after lithotripsy.
The cloudy urine is most often caused by urinary tract infections, but many other diseases can also cause it. This is why it is important to consult a doctor to receive appropriate treatment.
Description of the cloudy urine:
Urines are normally clear and yellow in color, ranging from light to dark. A cloudy appearance is due to a change in the composition of the urine or the presence of bacteria.
Causes of cloudy urine:
Six main elements can be responsible for a cloudy appearance of the urine:
epithelial cells of the urinary tract;
- white blood cells: we speak of leucocyturia. These cells of the immune system are normally less than 10,000 / ml;
crystals (phosphates, carbonates, urates);
- proteins (proteinuria);
- sugar (glucose): we talk about glycosuria;
- bacteria (bacteriuria): above 1000 bacteria per milliliter of urine, an infection is suspected.
Many diseases can be responsible for the presence or increase of these elements in the urine. These include:
- urinary tract infections: these are the most common cause of cloudy urine;
- diabetes: it causes the increase of sugar or ketone bodies in the urine;
- kidney stones: they can release minerals that disturb the urine;
- kidney failure: when the kidneys do not filter the urine enough, it can contain more protein;
- maple syrup disease or keto-acid decarboxylase deficiency: it is a rare genetic disease that prevents the metabolism of three amino acids: leucine, isoleucine and valine (also known as leucinosis). It is easily identifiable by the strong smell of maple syrup that emits urine.
During pregnancy, some women develop so-called gestational diabetes and their glycosuria (ie the presence of glucose - sugar - in the urine) can then increase.
Some drugs also have the side effect of disturbing the urine when they are eliminated by the body.
If the cloudy appearance of the urine is associated with any of the following symptoms or signs, it is recommended to consult a doctor:
- the presence of blood in the urine;
- an abnormal color of the urine;
- pain during urination, lower abdomen or groin;
- an increase in the frequency of urination (pollakiuria);
- difficulty urinating or emptying the bladder;
- loss of control of the bladder;
- or fever.
Evolution and possible complications of cloudy urine:
Disturbed urine is often one of the first symptoms of a urinary tract disease or condition. To ignore it is to risk seeing the disease worsen.
Treatment and prevention: what solutions?
To make a diagnosis and to propose an adapted treatment, the doctor will prescribe a cytobacteriological examination of the urine (ECBU). It makes it possible to identify and quantify the cells and the germs possibly present in the urine. These being naturally sterile, the presence of bacteria is the formal indication of an infection.
A biochemical analysis can also be requested by the doctor to measure the different components that constitute the urine.
As we have seen, urinary tract infections are the main cause of cloudy urine, but there are simple measures to limit their occurrence:
- drinking regularly increases the frequency of urination in the day and thus expel bacteria that could be installed in the urinary tract and cause infection;
- in women, wiping from front to back after urinating helps to prevent bacteria from the - anal area from spreading to the vagina and urethra;
- urinate after sex;
- Avoid personal hygiene products such as deodorants, showers or scented soaps as they can irritate the urethra.
a- limit oral fluid intake for 1 to 2 weeks.
b- report the presence of fine, sandlike particles through the nephrostomy tube.
c- notify the physician about cloudy or foul-smelling urine.
d- report bright pink urine within 24 hours after the procedure.
Answer C.
The client should report the presence of foul-smelling or cloudy urine. Unless contraindicated, the client should be instructed to drink large quantities of fluid each day to flush the kidneys. Sandlike debris is normal due to residual stone products. Hematuria is common after lithotripsy.
The cloudy urine is most often caused by urinary tract infections, but many other diseases can also cause it. This is why it is important to consult a doctor to receive appropriate treatment.
Description of the cloudy urine:
Urines are normally clear and yellow in color, ranging from light to dark. A cloudy appearance is due to a change in the composition of the urine or the presence of bacteria.
Causes of cloudy urine:
Six main elements can be responsible for a cloudy appearance of the urine:
epithelial cells of the urinary tract;
- white blood cells: we speak of leucocyturia. These cells of the immune system are normally less than 10,000 / ml;
crystals (phosphates, carbonates, urates);
- proteins (proteinuria);
- sugar (glucose): we talk about glycosuria;
- bacteria (bacteriuria): above 1000 bacteria per milliliter of urine, an infection is suspected.
Many diseases can be responsible for the presence or increase of these elements in the urine. These include:
- urinary tract infections: these are the most common cause of cloudy urine;
- diabetes: it causes the increase of sugar or ketone bodies in the urine;
- kidney stones: they can release minerals that disturb the urine;
- kidney failure: when the kidneys do not filter the urine enough, it can contain more protein;
- maple syrup disease or keto-acid decarboxylase deficiency: it is a rare genetic disease that prevents the metabolism of three amino acids: leucine, isoleucine and valine (also known as leucinosis). It is easily identifiable by the strong smell of maple syrup that emits urine.
During pregnancy, some women develop so-called gestational diabetes and their glycosuria (ie the presence of glucose - sugar - in the urine) can then increase.
Some drugs also have the side effect of disturbing the urine when they are eliminated by the body.
If the cloudy appearance of the urine is associated with any of the following symptoms or signs, it is recommended to consult a doctor:
- the presence of blood in the urine;
- an abnormal color of the urine;
- pain during urination, lower abdomen or groin;
- an increase in the frequency of urination (pollakiuria);
- difficulty urinating or emptying the bladder;
- loss of control of the bladder;
- or fever.
Evolution and possible complications of cloudy urine:
Disturbed urine is often one of the first symptoms of a urinary tract disease or condition. To ignore it is to risk seeing the disease worsen.
Treatment and prevention: what solutions?
To make a diagnosis and to propose an adapted treatment, the doctor will prescribe a cytobacteriological examination of the urine (ECBU). It makes it possible to identify and quantify the cells and the germs possibly present in the urine. These being naturally sterile, the presence of bacteria is the formal indication of an infection.
A biochemical analysis can also be requested by the doctor to measure the different components that constitute the urine.
As we have seen, urinary tract infections are the main cause of cloudy urine, but there are simple measures to limit their occurrence:
- drinking regularly increases the frequency of urination in the day and thus expel bacteria that could be installed in the urinary tract and cause infection;
- in women, wiping from front to back after urinating helps to prevent bacteria from the - anal area from spreading to the vagina and urethra;
- urinate after sex;
- Avoid personal hygiene products such as deodorants, showers or scented soaps as they can irritate the urethra.
Labels
Genitourinary