The lateral malleolus is a part of:
A- Fibula***
B- Talus
C- Tibia
D- Calcaneus
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The fibula is a bone constituting the lateral part of the skeleton of the leg. Articulated with the tibia at both ends, and with the talus (astragalus) at its distal end (external malleolus). In modern birds, the fibula is a thin bony rod in the pestle.
It is a long, even, asymmetrical and slender bone. It has a ventrolateral twist in its lower part. It forms the skeleton of the leg with the shin; it is located laterally behind it. It is composed of a diaphysis (body) and two epiphyses (extremities).
Body:
It is triangular prismatic and comprises three faces.
Posterior face:
- Insertion in the upper third of the soleus muscle (at the level of the cervix).
- Insertion in the lower two-thirds of the flexor muscle of the hallux.
Side face:
It is, in its upper part, excavated in gutter:
insertion at the front of the groove of the long fibular anterior head muscle (ex-long peroneal);
- insertion at the rear of the posterior groove of the posterior fibular long muscle;
- insertion into the lower half of the fibular short muscle (ex-peroneal short).
Medial face:
It is divided vertically into two fields by the longitudinal interosseous ridge.
At the front of the ridge:
- insertion of the extensor digitorum longus muscle;
- insertion of the long extensor muscle of the hallux.
At the back of the ridge:
- insertion of the posterior tibial muscle (ex-posterior tibialis);
- lower part: insertion of the third fibular muscle (ex-peroneal anterior). This muscle is inconstant at about 10%.
edges:
A fibula has three edges.
Forehead:
It delineates the lateral and medial sides.
Lateral edge:
- it delimits the lateral and posterior faces;
- it is prominent, especially in its lower part;
- insertion in its upper part of the soleus muscle.
Medial edge:
It delineates the medial and posterior sides. Insertion, over the whole height, of the interosseous membrane.
Upper end:
It consists of a neck on which is inserted the long fibular muscle and a large head, lance-shaped.
Internal slope:
It has an articular surface that responds to the tibia. Above and below this articular surface, insertion of the superior tibial-fibular ligaments.
External slope:
It gives insertion on its most medial part to the external lateral ligament (LLE). On its larger surface, laterally, at the insertion of the LLE, insertion of the biceps.fèmoral
Apophysis styloid:
On its summit, insertion of the arched popliteal ligament.
Lower extremity (external malleolus):
It is longer, larger and lower than the medial malleolus (tibia). It has two faces, two edges and a vertex:
- Medial face:
It has a triangular articular surface (podal top) encrusted with cartilage. This will be articulated with the talus (ex-astragalus).
In the lower part, there is a fossa in which the posterior talofibular ligament fits.
- Side face:
She is free of any insertion. It is felt through the skin.
Forehead:
It is convex forward. It gives insertion:
in its superior third to the inferior and anterior tibiofibular ligament (ex-fibularo-tibial ligament);
in the middle third of the anterior talo-fibular ligament (ex-fibula-astragalian);
- in its inferior third (without reaching the summit) with the calcaneofibular ligament (ex peroneo-calcaneal).
Posterior edge:
In the form of a gutter, it allows the passage of fibular (ex peroniers laterals).
Summit (apex):
Rounded, it is located laterally to the median axis of the fibula; he is free of any insertion.
A- Fibula***
B- Talus
C- Tibia
D- Calcaneus
---------------------------
The fibula is a bone constituting the lateral part of the skeleton of the leg. Articulated with the tibia at both ends, and with the talus (astragalus) at its distal end (external malleolus). In modern birds, the fibula is a thin bony rod in the pestle.
It is a long, even, asymmetrical and slender bone. It has a ventrolateral twist in its lower part. It forms the skeleton of the leg with the shin; it is located laterally behind it. It is composed of a diaphysis (body) and two epiphyses (extremities).
Body:
It is triangular prismatic and comprises three faces.
Posterior face:
- Insertion in the upper third of the soleus muscle (at the level of the cervix).
- Insertion in the lower two-thirds of the flexor muscle of the hallux.
Side face:
It is, in its upper part, excavated in gutter:
insertion at the front of the groove of the long fibular anterior head muscle (ex-long peroneal);
- insertion at the rear of the posterior groove of the posterior fibular long muscle;
- insertion into the lower half of the fibular short muscle (ex-peroneal short).
Medial face:
It is divided vertically into two fields by the longitudinal interosseous ridge.
At the front of the ridge:
- insertion of the extensor digitorum longus muscle;
- insertion of the long extensor muscle of the hallux.
At the back of the ridge:
- insertion of the posterior tibial muscle (ex-posterior tibialis);
- lower part: insertion of the third fibular muscle (ex-peroneal anterior). This muscle is inconstant at about 10%.
edges:
A fibula has three edges.
Forehead:
It delineates the lateral and medial sides.
Lateral edge:
- it delimits the lateral and posterior faces;
- it is prominent, especially in its lower part;
- insertion in its upper part of the soleus muscle.
Medial edge:
It delineates the medial and posterior sides. Insertion, over the whole height, of the interosseous membrane.
Upper end:
It consists of a neck on which is inserted the long fibular muscle and a large head, lance-shaped.
Internal slope:
It has an articular surface that responds to the tibia. Above and below this articular surface, insertion of the superior tibial-fibular ligaments.
External slope:
It gives insertion on its most medial part to the external lateral ligament (LLE). On its larger surface, laterally, at the insertion of the LLE, insertion of the biceps.fèmoral
Apophysis styloid:
On its summit, insertion of the arched popliteal ligament.
Lower extremity (external malleolus):
It is longer, larger and lower than the medial malleolus (tibia). It has two faces, two edges and a vertex:
- Medial face:
It has a triangular articular surface (podal top) encrusted with cartilage. This will be articulated with the talus (ex-astragalus).
In the lower part, there is a fossa in which the posterior talofibular ligament fits.
- Side face:
She is free of any insertion. It is felt through the skin.
Forehead:
It is convex forward. It gives insertion:
in its superior third to the inferior and anterior tibiofibular ligament (ex-fibularo-tibial ligament);
in the middle third of the anterior talo-fibular ligament (ex-fibula-astragalian);
- in its inferior third (without reaching the summit) with the calcaneofibular ligament (ex peroneo-calcaneal).
Posterior edge:
In the form of a gutter, it allows the passage of fibular (ex peroniers laterals).
Summit (apex):
Rounded, it is located laterally to the median axis of the fibula; he is free of any insertion.
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Anatomy