Periodontal involved root surface must be root planned to:
1- Remove the attached plaque and calculus.
2- Remove necrotic cementum.
3- Change the root surface so it becomes biocompatible.
4- 1 and 2 are correct ***
Plaque is a sticky, colorless film of bacteria that forms steadily on our teeth and along the gum line. The plaque contains bacteria that cause cavities and gum disease. When plaque is formed and is not removed by brushing teeth and flossing adequately, it can harden and become tartar - sometimes called dental calculus - which is a calcified (or hardened) plaque ) that attaches to the enamel of your teeth and below the gum line.
Signs and symptoms:
Everyone develops plaque because the bacteria in the mouth grow constantly, which is not necessarily easy to see. The plaque around the gum line that is not removed can cause inflammation and irritation to the gums surrounding the teeth, which can lead to gingivitis (red, swollen and bleeding gums). If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress to periodontal disease and even cause tooth loss.
Everyone develops plaque because the bacteria in the mouth grow constantly, which is not necessarily easy to see. The plaque around the gum line that is not removed can cause inflammation and irritation to the gums surrounding the teeth, which can lead to gingivitis (red, swollen and bleeding gums). If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress to periodontal disease and even cause tooth loss.
Cause:
Much of what we eat or drink stays in our mouth well after the end of our meal. Bacteria in our mouths develop through some of these foods - including sugars and carbohydrates - and produce acids that can attack the surface of teeth. In addition, without proper brushing and flossing each day, plaque and calculus develop. Tartar gives the plaque a larger, much more sticky surface to adhere to.
If it is not removed daily by brushing and flossing, the plaque can accumulate and the associated bacteria can infect not only your gums and teeth, but also, eventually, the tissue of the gums and the bone that support the teeth.
Prevention:
With proper care, it is easy to prevent plaque build-up. Make sure:
- Thoroughly brush your teeth at least twice a day for 2 minutes to remove plaque on all surfaces.
- To floss daily to remove the plaque between the teeth and below the gumline, in places where the toothbrush can not reach.
- Limit foods high in sugar and starch, especially snacks that stick to your teeth.
- To schedule at least two regular appointments at your dentist for professional cleanings and dental examinations every year.
- Proper brushing, especially with toothpaste that fights tartar, and the use of flossing are essential to reduce plaque and tartar build-up. Once the tartar is formed, only your dentist or dental hygienist can remove it professionally.
Treatment:
The process for removing scale is called scaling. During a descaling, the dentist or dental hygienist uses special instruments (manual or ultrasonic scaler and curettes) to remove tartar and plaque from your teeth, above the gumline and below.
Related issues:
Without proper treatment, tartar and plaque can cause various problems such as cavities, gum disease and tooth loss. It is important to brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day, and schedule regular visits and professional cleanings to your dentist.
Plaque is a sticky, colorless film of bacteria that forms steadily on our teeth and along the gum line. The plaque contains bacteria that cause cavities and gum disease. When plaque is formed and is not removed by brushing teeth and flossing adequately, it can harden and become tartar - sometimes called dental calculus - which is a calcified (or hardened) plaque ) that attaches to the enamel of your teeth and below the gum line.
Signs and symptoms:
Everyone develops plaque because the bacteria in the mouth grow constantly, which is not necessarily easy to see. The plaque around the gum line that is not removed can cause inflammation and irritation to the gums surrounding the teeth, which can lead to gingivitis (red, swollen and bleeding gums). If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress to periodontal disease and even cause tooth loss.
Everyone develops plaque because the bacteria in the mouth grow constantly, which is not necessarily easy to see. The plaque around the gum line that is not removed can cause inflammation and irritation to the gums surrounding the teeth, which can lead to gingivitis (red, swollen and bleeding gums). If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress to periodontal disease and even cause tooth loss.
Cause:
Much of what we eat or drink stays in our mouth well after the end of our meal. Bacteria in our mouths develop through some of these foods - including sugars and carbohydrates - and produce acids that can attack the surface of teeth. In addition, without proper brushing and flossing each day, plaque and calculus develop. Tartar gives the plaque a larger, much more sticky surface to adhere to.
If it is not removed daily by brushing and flossing, the plaque can accumulate and the associated bacteria can infect not only your gums and teeth, but also, eventually, the tissue of the gums and the bone that support the teeth.
Prevention:
With proper care, it is easy to prevent plaque build-up. Make sure:
- Thoroughly brush your teeth at least twice a day for 2 minutes to remove plaque on all surfaces.
- To floss daily to remove the plaque between the teeth and below the gumline, in places where the toothbrush can not reach.
- Limit foods high in sugar and starch, especially snacks that stick to your teeth.
- To schedule at least two regular appointments at your dentist for professional cleanings and dental examinations every year.
- Proper brushing, especially with toothpaste that fights tartar, and the use of flossing are essential to reduce plaque and tartar build-up. Once the tartar is formed, only your dentist or dental hygienist can remove it professionally.
Treatment:
The process for removing scale is called scaling. During a descaling, the dentist or dental hygienist uses special instruments (manual or ultrasonic scaler and curettes) to remove tartar and plaque from your teeth, above the gumline and below.
Related issues:
Without proper treatment, tartar and plaque can cause various problems such as cavities, gum disease and tooth loss. It is important to brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day, and schedule regular visits and professional cleanings to your dentist.
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