Autoclave relative to 100f dry oven:
a) the same time
b) slightly higher time
c) considerable higher time
d) less time. ***
--------------------------
An autoclave is a thick-walled metal pressure vessel with an airtight seal that allows high-pressure work to be carried out for an industrial reaction, cooking or steam sterilization to disinfect surgical materials and instruments. Its construction must be such that it resists the pressure and temperature developed inside. The high pressure allows water to reach temperatures above 100 ° C. The joint action of the temperature and the steam produces the denaturation of the proteins of the microorganisms, among them the essential ones for the life and the reproduction of these, fact that leads to their destruction.
In the industrial field, equipment that works by the same principle has other uses, although several are related to the destruction of microorganisms for the purpose of preserving food, medicines, and other products.
The word autoclave is not limited to equipment that works with water vapor since the equipment used to sterilize with ethylene oxide is referred to in the same way.
Functioning:
The autoclaves work by allowing the entry or generation of water vapor but restricting its output, until an internal pressure of 103 kPa is obtained above the atmospheric pressure, which causes the steam to reach a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius. A typical sterilization time at this temperature and pressure is 15-20 minutes. The most modern autoclaves allow to carry out processes at higher temperatures and pressures, with standard cycles at 134 ° C at 200 kPa for 5 minutes to sterilize metallic material; they even perform vacuum cycles to accelerate the drying of the sterilized material.
The fact of containing high pressure fluid implies that the autoclaves must be of solid manufacture, usually in metal, and that they are intended to be completely sealed.
Autoclaves are widely used in laboratories, as an elementary measure of material sterilization. Although it should be noted that, because the process involves high temperature water vapor, certain materials cannot be autoclaved, such as paper and many plastics (with the exception of polypropylene). If paper can be sterilized in nylon bags, that is done in dentistry to sterilize the absorbent paper cones used in endodontics.
Because the material to be sterilized is most likely for recordable use, test methods of the quality of such sterilization are required, this means that the pressure and temperature applied will be different for each of the autoclaved products.
Autoclaves are usually provided with pressure gauges and thermometers, which allow verifying the operation of the device. Although there are annexed control methods on the market, for example, chemical controls that change color when a certain temperature is reached, or mechanical controls that deform at high temperatures. By this means it is possible to sterilize all kinds of materials with the exception of volatile materials, so great caution must be taken.
Applications:
- Autoclave for medical use used to repair instruments and other types of sanitary products.
- Laboratory autoclave used to sterilize laboratory equipment.
- Industrial autoclave such as those used for example for the treatment of wood exposed to the weather, glass lamination or treatment of composites.
- Composite materials autoclave used to cure and form laminates of polymeric composite materials.
Laboratory autoclave:
A laboratory autoclave is a device used to sterilize laboratory equipment.
Autoclaves are widely used in laboratories, as an elementary measure of material sterilization. Although it should be noted that, because the process involves high temperature water vapor, certain materials cannot be autoclaved, such as paper and many plastics (with the exception of polypropylene).
This product is for general use in the laboratory and is not a medical device, therefore it does not have CE marking according to directive 93/42 / EEC nor does this legislation apply to it. When the autoclave is intended for sterilization of medical devices, it has special requirements.
--------------------------
An autoclave is a thick-walled metal pressure vessel with an airtight seal that allows high-pressure work to be carried out for an industrial reaction, cooking or steam sterilization to disinfect surgical materials and instruments. Its construction must be such that it resists the pressure and temperature developed inside. The high pressure allows water to reach temperatures above 100 ° C. The joint action of the temperature and the steam produces the denaturation of the proteins of the microorganisms, among them the essential ones for the life and the reproduction of these, fact that leads to their destruction.
In the industrial field, equipment that works by the same principle has other uses, although several are related to the destruction of microorganisms for the purpose of preserving food, medicines, and other products.
The word autoclave is not limited to equipment that works with water vapor since the equipment used to sterilize with ethylene oxide is referred to in the same way.
Functioning:
The autoclaves work by allowing the entry or generation of water vapor but restricting its output, until an internal pressure of 103 kPa is obtained above the atmospheric pressure, which causes the steam to reach a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius. A typical sterilization time at this temperature and pressure is 15-20 minutes. The most modern autoclaves allow to carry out processes at higher temperatures and pressures, with standard cycles at 134 ° C at 200 kPa for 5 minutes to sterilize metallic material; they even perform vacuum cycles to accelerate the drying of the sterilized material.
The fact of containing high pressure fluid implies that the autoclaves must be of solid manufacture, usually in metal, and that they are intended to be completely sealed.
Autoclaves are widely used in laboratories, as an elementary measure of material sterilization. Although it should be noted that, because the process involves high temperature water vapor, certain materials cannot be autoclaved, such as paper and many plastics (with the exception of polypropylene). If paper can be sterilized in nylon bags, that is done in dentistry to sterilize the absorbent paper cones used in endodontics.
Because the material to be sterilized is most likely for recordable use, test methods of the quality of such sterilization are required, this means that the pressure and temperature applied will be different for each of the autoclaved products.
Autoclaves are usually provided with pressure gauges and thermometers, which allow verifying the operation of the device. Although there are annexed control methods on the market, for example, chemical controls that change color when a certain temperature is reached, or mechanical controls that deform at high temperatures. By this means it is possible to sterilize all kinds of materials with the exception of volatile materials, so great caution must be taken.
Applications:
- Autoclave for medical use used to repair instruments and other types of sanitary products.
- Laboratory autoclave used to sterilize laboratory equipment.
- Industrial autoclave such as those used for example for the treatment of wood exposed to the weather, glass lamination or treatment of composites.
- Composite materials autoclave used to cure and form laminates of polymeric composite materials.
Laboratory autoclave:
A laboratory autoclave is a device used to sterilize laboratory equipment.
Autoclaves are widely used in laboratories, as an elementary measure of material sterilization. Although it should be noted that, because the process involves high temperature water vapor, certain materials cannot be autoclaved, such as paper and many plastics (with the exception of polypropylene).
This product is for general use in the laboratory and is not a medical device, therefore it does not have CE marking according to directive 93/42 / EEC nor does this legislation apply to it. When the autoclave is intended for sterilization of medical devices, it has special requirements.
Autoclave for medical use:
A medical autoclave is an accessory for sanitary products that allows its sterilization using high-pressure and high temperature steam. As an accessory of a medical device, it is considered by directive 93/42 / EEC as also regulated by the directive and classified independently. Thus autoclaves or sterilizers for medical use are medical devices of class IIa by rule 15 of annex IX of directive 93/42 / EEC.This classification will change upon entry into force of the amendment of the directive by directive 2007/47 / EC going to class IIb by rule 15 modified.
Autoclaves are widely used by manufacturers of sterile medical devices and in hospital sterilization plants, as an elementary measure of product sterilization.
Objective:
- It is responsible for eliminating all microbial life including spores in materials, surgical equipment, textiles and glass except plastic.
- Provide patient safety.
- Absence of toxic waste in sterilized material and equipment.
For the efficiency of steam sterilization (Autoclave) you must have three parameters that are:
- Temperature
- Pressure.
- Weather.
For sterilization to be effective it must reach a temperature of 121º to 134ºC with a pressure of 20-32 pounds / inches² (psi) this will be modified depending on the level of the sea where the equipment is located. For example: In Mexico City 20 pounds is required.
Industrial Autoclave:
In the industrial context the word autoclave is used to refer to a large pressure cooker, used for cooking in industrial processes.
Some prominent uses of industrial autoclaves are:
- In the food industry: they are used for the sterilization of canned food and canned foods whose characteristics require a treatment above 100 degrees Celsius (Nicolás Appert method).
- In the wood industry: it is used to treat wood for outdoor constructions (pergolas, porches, etc.) and thus protect it from parasites.
- In the textile industry certain machines used for dyeing fabrics are called autoclaves.
- In the tire industry, they are used for vulcanizing.
- In the treatment of hospital waste, it is used to eliminate existing pathogenic microorganisms.
Composite materials autoclave:
A composite materials autoclave is a vessel or vessel (usually in a cylindrical shape) with a temperature and pressurization system, used to cure and consolidate composite materials.
The size and design of the autoclave depends on the application or, what is the same, on the type of parts to be processed. One of the sectors that uses this technique the most is aeronautics, so sometimes these systems have very large dimensions.
The main components of an autoclave of composite materials are:
- Pressurized chamber: It is the vessel itself, in which the components to be cured are introduced.
- Heating devices: They are responsible for achieving the different curing temperatures for each type of material introduced.
- Vacuum application system: It is one of the most important components in this type of autoclaves, since it is a fundamental part of the manufacturing process of a composite laminate. It is responsible for the first compaction of the laminate, eliminates volatile components of the resin and allows pressure to be applied on the piece to be formed without it remaining in contact with the atmosphere of the autoclave. It consists of a thin, non-reusable plastic membrane and a series of elements that eliminate the amount of excess resin and achieve good surface finishes of the piece.
- Curing parameters control system: Ensures at all times, through monitored systems, that the pressure and temperature conditions are adequate for the process.
- Support of the molds for its introduction in the chamber.
Composition:
An autoclave is composed of these parts:
- Safety valve: Its function is to prevent the escape of steam or water before the sterilization process ends.
- Drain valve: which is where the steam that is produced from the water heated in the resistor comes out, when the ideal temperature for sterilization is reached.
- Pressure gauge: Allows monitoring the internal pressure of the boiler
- Thermostat Indicates the temperature of the chamber or boiler
- Resistance: which is used to heat the water that will go in the boiler, which will be worked at certain temperatures depending on the degree of sterilization that you want to reach.
- Tray: where the material to be sterilized will be placed.
- Calderin: where it was at the necessary temperatures that must be produced to eliminate the bacteria and microorganisms that you want to eliminate.
- Cover: which is nothing more than the closing of the machinery.
Water Quality:
The quality of the water (distilled water also known as demineralized) that you use to autoclave your instruments must meet the following parameters:
- Evaporated residue ≤15 mg / l.
- Silica ≤2 mg / l.
- Iron ≤0.2 mg / l.
- Cadmium ≤0.005 mg / l.
- Lead ≤0.05 mg / l.
- Other heavy metals ≤0.1 mg / l.
- Chlorides ≤3 mg / l.
- Phosphates ≤0.5 mg / l.
- Conductivity ≤50 𝛍s / cm.
- pH 6.5 to 8.
- Colorless, clean and sediment free appearance.
- Hardness ≤0.1 mmol / l.
Labels
Community dentistry