DMARD's Require some kind of control to ensure safe handling. The majority of the DMARD's Cause toxicity to the liver and bone marrow.
And preferably be given brochures and information tables for patients treated Pal DMARD's . Doctor must support the need to comply with the monitoring requirements and the expected time of impact and the potential toxicity and things to do when I have a side effect.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract:
- An autoimmune disease that attacks the joints, especially in the hands, wrists, and knees.
- It affects other tissues, and causes problems in some organs of the body, such as: lungs, heart, and eyes.
- It occurs because the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells in the body.
- The patient goes through times when symptoms increase, and times when they decrease.
- The treatment is by taking medications, and the last treatment is surgical operations.
disease definition:
An autoimmune disease that mainly attacks the joints, usually several joints at the same time, mostly the joints of the hands, wrists, and knees. Rheumatoid arthritis affects the joint, and its lining becomes inflamed, causing damage to the joint tissues. Which results in prolonged or chronic pain. Inflammation also affects other tissues throughout the body and causes problems in other organs, such as the lungs, heart, and eyes.
the reason:
The cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not fully understood, although it is generally known medically that an abnormal immune system response played a role in joint inflammation and damage. The cause of this imbalance in response is not known with certainty, but there is scientific evidence that genetics, hormones, and environmental factors are a major factor. The researchers point out the presence of other factors such as: bacterial or viral infections, excessive obesity, and the body's response to stressful events such as: physical or emotional trauma, exposure to cigarette smoke, or air pollution with pesticides, etc., and exposure to metals and silica.
Risk factors:
- Age: the greater the age, the greater the risk of infection.
- Gender: Women are twice or three times more likely to be infected than men.
- Genetics factor.
- Smoking, passive smoking.
- Obesity.
- Not having children.
Symptoms:
- The patient with rheumatoid arthritis goes through times when symptoms increase, and times when they decrease, and its symptoms include:
- Joint pain, including swelling for a long period of up to six weeks.
- Joint stiffness for 30 minutes or more.
- Fatigue, fever, and weight loss.
- Increased infections.
- Dry eyes and mouth.
- Visual impairment.
- Small lumps under the skin, formed on bony areas.
- Inflammation of the lungs.
- Vasculitis.
When should you see a doctor?
When feeling pain or swelling in or around the joints.
Complications:
Rheumatoid arthritis has a number of physical and social effects:
- Heart disease.
- Obesity.
- disability.
Diagnosis:
Rheumatoid arthritis is diagnosed by a specialist; Because its symptoms are not specific, it can look like signs and symptoms of other inflammatory joint diseases. Diagnosis is made by reviewing symptoms, performing a physical examination, taking x-rays, and laboratory tests. It is best to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis as early as 6 months after the onset of symptoms. so that people with the disease can start treatment; To slow or stop the progression of the disease, and not lead to joint or other damage.
treatment:
The purpose of treating rheumatoid arthritis:
- Stop inflammation, relieve symptoms, and prevent joint and organ damage.
- Improve physical function and reduce long-term complications.
The treatment is to take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or drugs that slow the disease, or inhibitors, and the last option is to perform surgery.
protection:
- Follow a healthy lifestyle, while maintaining a healthy weight.
- Quit Smoking.
- Maintaining physical activity for 150 minutes per week. For example, you should practice walking, swimming, or cycling for 30 minutes a day, five days a week.
- Ensure bone health by detecting bone density.
Living with rheumatoid arthritis:
It is necessary to discuss with the doctor about the extent of the body's ability to engage in sports and physical activity, and there are some tips that help the patient to feel better, including:
- Using heat treatments, such as: heat pads, or warm baths; It soothes stiff joints and tired muscles.
- The use of topical treatments, and these treatments are applied directly to the skin through the muscles, or the painful joint. Creams or sprays may also help relieve pain.
- Support and encouragement from friends.
wrong concepts:
- Breastfeeding may cause rheumatoid arthritis.
Fact: Breastfeeding reduces the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.
What is the latest treatment for rheumatoid arthritis?
The newest drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis are the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, which are FDA approved under the brand names Rinvoq, Olumiant, and Xeljanz.
Which type of medication is most commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) NSAIDs are among the most commonly used RA drugs. Unlike other pain relievers, NSAIDs seem to be more effective in treating symptoms of RA. This is because they prevent inflammation.
How is rheumatic fever long term treated?
If you've had rheumatic fever, your provider may recommend you take antibiotics for years or possibly throughout your life. This treatment is called antibiotic prophylaxis. It can prevent another strep infection and keep rheumatic fever from coming back.
How long is rheumatic fever treatment?
The 2020 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines recommended durations of prophylaxis are as follows : Rheumatic fever with carditis and residual valvular disease: 10 years or until patient is ≥40 years of age (whichever is longer)
What is the main cause of rheumatic fever?
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can develop when strep throat or scarlet fever isn't properly treated. Strep throat and scarlet fever are caused by an infection with streptococcus (strep-toe-KOK-us) bacteria. Rheumatic fever most often affects children ages 5 to 15.
Is there a link between rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic fever?
A separate disease from RA is rheumatic fever. This acute condition can occur after an infection with strep throat or scarlet fever. It involves a widespread inflammatory response, joint pain, and other symptoms. The symptoms can be similar, but the two diseases are not related.
What is the difference between rheumatic fever and rheumatoid arthritis?
Rheumatic fever is a serious illness that occurs mostly in children who have recently experienced strep throat. It has similarities to the early symptoms of RA, but is not related to RA. Rheumatic fever affects joints. But unlike RA, rheumatic fever only lasts a few weeks.
What is rheumatic fever and how is it treated?
Rheumatic fever is an inflammation in the heart, joints, skin or central nervous system that can occur following inadequately treated strep throat or scarlet fever. These diseases are caused by an infection of Group A streptococcus bacteria. Proper treatment of strep can prevent rheumatic fever.
What is the drug of choice in treatment of rheumatic fever?
Antibiotic selection — For most patients, we suggest long-acting penicillin G benzathine administered intramuscularly (IM) every 28 days rather than other regimens (table 3). However, there is regional variation in use of penicillin G benzathine depending upon availability and cost.
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