Fructosamine: A Marker of Long-Term Blood Sugar Control

What is Fructosamine?

Fructosamine is a protein that forms when glucose, a type of sugar in the blood, binds to proteins in the blood. This process, known as glycation, occurs slowly over time and is influenced by average blood glucose levels.   

Why is Fructosamine Measured?

The fructosamine test is used to assess long-term blood sugar control, particularly in individuals with diabetes. It provides a measure of average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 weeks.

How is Fructosamine Different from HbA1c?

While both fructosamine and HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c) are used to monitor long-term blood sugar control, they differ in the time frame they reflect:

• HbA1c: Reflects average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months.
• Fructosamine: Reflects average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 weeks.

When is a Fructosamine Test Used?

A fructosamine test may be used in the following situations:

• Monitoring diabetes: To assess the effectiveness of diabetes treatment and identify trends in blood sugar control.
• Pregnancy: To monitor blood sugar levels in pregnant women with gestational diabetes.
• Individuals with certain medical conditions: In cases where HbA1c measurements may be unreliable, such as in individuals with certain hemoglobin variants or hemolytic anemia.

Interpreting Fructosamine Results:

A higher fructosamine level indicates poorer blood sugar control. Regular monitoring of fructosamine levels can help healthcare providers adjust treatment plans to achieve better blood sugar control.

Factors Affecting Fructosamine Levels:

Several factors can influence fructosamine levels, including:

• Blood glucose control: Poor blood sugar control leads to higher fructosamine levels.
• Kidney function: Kidney disease can affect the clearance of fructosamine from the blood.
• Liver function: Liver disease can also influence fructosamine levels.

Conclusion:

The fructosamine test is a valuable tool for assessing long-term blood sugar control. By understanding the factors that influence fructosamine levels and working with healthcare providers to maintain optimal blood sugar control, individuals with diabetes can improve their overall health and well-being.