Person drinking fluoridated water, using toothbrush with fluoride, rinsing with fluoride mouthwash, then no need to put pit and fissure in his permanent teeth:
a- True.
b- False.***
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What is fluoride and where is it found?
Fluoride is the name given to a group of fluorine-containing compounds, an element found in nature, along with one or more elements. Fluorides are naturally present in water and soil at different concentrations.
In the 1940s, scientists discovered that those who lived where drinking water supplies had naturally occurring fluoride concentrations of approximately 1 part of fluoride per 1 million parts of water or more (≥1.0 ppm) had less caries than people who lived in places where fluoride concentrations in drinking water were lower. Many more recent studies have confirmed this finding.
It was subsequently discovered that fluoride can prevent tooth decay and even reverse the process of tooth decay by inhibiting bacteria that produce acids in the mouth and increasing remineralization; that is, the process by which tooth enamel is "rebuilt" after it has begun to deteriorate.
In addition to accumulating in the teeth, the ingested fluoride accumulates in the bones.
What is water fluoridation?
Water fluoridation is the process by which fluoride is added to the water supply until it reaches a concentration of approximately 0.7 ppm (parts per million), or 0.7 milligrams of fluoride per liter of water; This is the optimal level to prevent tooth decay.
When did water fluoridation begin in the United States?
In 1945, Grand Rapids, in the state of Michigan, adjusted the fluoride content in its water supply to 1.0 ppm. and thus it became the first city that implemented the fluoridation of water in the community. By 2008, more than 72 percent of the US population. UU. that had a public water service had access to fluoridated water.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) considers water fluoridation as one of the most important achievements in public health in the twentieth century.
-----------------------
What is fluoride and where is it found?
Fluoride is the name given to a group of fluorine-containing compounds, an element found in nature, along with one or more elements. Fluorides are naturally present in water and soil at different concentrations.
In the 1940s, scientists discovered that those who lived where drinking water supplies had naturally occurring fluoride concentrations of approximately 1 part of fluoride per 1 million parts of water or more (≥1.0 ppm) had less caries than people who lived in places where fluoride concentrations in drinking water were lower. Many more recent studies have confirmed this finding.
It was subsequently discovered that fluoride can prevent tooth decay and even reverse the process of tooth decay by inhibiting bacteria that produce acids in the mouth and increasing remineralization; that is, the process by which tooth enamel is "rebuilt" after it has begun to deteriorate.
In addition to accumulating in the teeth, the ingested fluoride accumulates in the bones.
What is water fluoridation?
Water fluoridation is the process by which fluoride is added to the water supply until it reaches a concentration of approximately 0.7 ppm (parts per million), or 0.7 milligrams of fluoride per liter of water; This is the optimal level to prevent tooth decay.
When did water fluoridation begin in the United States?
In 1945, Grand Rapids, in the state of Michigan, adjusted the fluoride content in its water supply to 1.0 ppm. and thus it became the first city that implemented the fluoridation of water in the community. By 2008, more than 72 percent of the US population. UU. that had a public water service had access to fluoridated water.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) considers water fluoridation as one of the most important achievements in public health in the twentieth century.
Can fluoridated water cause cancer?
The existence of a possible relationship between fluoridated water and the risk of cancer has been debated for years. The debate resurfaced in 1990 when a study carried out by the National Toxicology Program, which is part of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, showed an increase in the number of osteosarcomas (bone tumors ) in male rats that were given high fluoride water for 2 years. However, other studies in humans and animals have not shown that there is an association between fluoridated water and cancer.
In a report from the Public Health Service (PHS) of February 1991, this agency said it found no evidence of a relationship between fluoride and cancer in humans. The report, based on a review of more than 50 demographic epidemiological studies conducted in the last 40 years, concluded that the optimal fluoridation of drinking water "does not present a detectable cancer risk for humans" as evidenced by a vast amount of data epidemiological known to date.
In one of the studies reviewed in the Public Health Service report, scientists at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) evaluated the relationship between fluoridation of drinking water and the number of cancer deaths in the United States over a period of 36 years , and the relationship between water fluoridation and the number of new cases of cancer in a period of 15 years. After examining more than 2.2 million death certificates from cancer and 125,000 cases of cancer cases in counties that use fluoridated water, the researchers found no evidence of an increased risk of cancer associated with fluoridated drinking water.
In 1993, the subcommittee on health effects of ingested fluoride, established by the National Research Council, which is part of the National Academy of Sciences, conducted a comprehensive review from the literature concerning the association between fluoridated drinking water and the increased risk of cancer. The review included data from more than 50 epidemiological studies in humans and six studies in animals. The subcommittee concluded that none of the data demonstrated the existence of a relationship between fluoridated drinking water and cancer. A 1999 report carried out by the CDC supported these findings. The CDC report concluded that studies to date have not yielded "convincing evidence" that indicates an association between fluoridated drinking water and an increased risk of cancer. Subsequent studies of interviews of patients with osteosarcoma and their parents produced conflicting results; However, none showed that there is clear evidence of a causal relationship between fluoride intake and the risk of suffering from this type of tumor.
In 2011, the researchers examined the possible relationship between fluoride exposure and osteosarcoma in a new way: they measured the concentration of fluoride in normal bone samples adjacent to the person's tumor. Because fluoride naturally accumulates in the bones, this method provides a more accurate measurement of the cumulative fluoride exposure instead of relying on the memory of study participants or municipal water treatment records. The analysis showed no differences in bone fluoride concentrations between people with osteosarcoma and people in a control group who had other malignant bone tumors.
More recent demographic studies that used data from the cancer registry found no evidence of an association between fluoride in drinking water and the risk of osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma.
Where can you find additional information on fluoridated water?
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has information on the standards and monitoring of current supplies of fluoridated water in the United States.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has more information on drinking water and health, as well as articles on drinking water quality and safety standards.
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