which of the following dosage form are famous:
a- solution, gel, oint.
b- oint , gel , solution
c- oint, solution , gel
e- solution , oint , gel
GEL:
In galenic pharmacy and according to the European Pharmacopoeia, a gel is a liquid dosage form gelled with gelling agents used for the administration of at least one drug active principle by different routes of administration.
Composition:
The gels are formed by a gelling agent dispersed uniformly in a continuous phase. The amount of gelling agent varies, inter alia, according to the main function of the gel: a lubricating gel will contain for example less gelling agents than a dermatological gel.
They also contain at least one active ingredient dissolved or dispersed in this phase.
They may also contain humectants such as propylene glycol, glycerol or sorbitol, pH buffers, preservatives, chelating agents, perfumes and dyes.
Lipophilic gels:
Lipophilic gels are composed of a hydrophobic continuous phase. If this phase is oily, it is called oleogels.
The continuous phase is a mineral oil such as liquid paraffin or a fatty oil. The gelling agents will be polyethylene or fumed silica respectively.
Hydrophilic gels:
The hydrophilic gels are composed of a continuous lipophobic phase. If this phase is aqueous, it is called hydrogels.
The continuous phase is water, glycerol and / or polyethylene glycol. The gelling agents may be poloxamers, starch, cellulose ethers (sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose (en), methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose (en) or carbomers.
Routes of administration:
The gels allow prolonged contact with the surface they cover. For this reason, they are used for the administration of drugs by different routes such as the cutaneous route (large areas of hair and scalp), the vaginal route, the ophthalmic route and the parenteral route.
In the latter case, we speak of injectable gels. These gels are intended to be administered by means of a medical injection device such as a syringe. They are used in aesthetic medicine, orthopedics, ophthalmology. Injectable gels are usually:
physical gels having rheofluidification properties (for example hyaluronic acid gel).
thermogels which allow easy administration at ambient temperature in liquid form, then gelation in situ at body temperature conducive to the maintenance of the pharmaceutical form and to the control of the release of the incorporated active ingredient. In these gels, the gelling agent is a heat-sensitive polymer such as poloxamers.
a- solution, gel, oint.
b- oint , gel , solution
c- oint, solution , gel
e- solution , oint , gel
GEL:
In galenic pharmacy and according to the European Pharmacopoeia, a gel is a liquid dosage form gelled with gelling agents used for the administration of at least one drug active principle by different routes of administration.
Composition:
The gels are formed by a gelling agent dispersed uniformly in a continuous phase. The amount of gelling agent varies, inter alia, according to the main function of the gel: a lubricating gel will contain for example less gelling agents than a dermatological gel.
They also contain at least one active ingredient dissolved or dispersed in this phase.
They may also contain humectants such as propylene glycol, glycerol or sorbitol, pH buffers, preservatives, chelating agents, perfumes and dyes.
Lipophilic gels:
Lipophilic gels are composed of a hydrophobic continuous phase. If this phase is oily, it is called oleogels.
The continuous phase is a mineral oil such as liquid paraffin or a fatty oil. The gelling agents will be polyethylene or fumed silica respectively.
Hydrophilic gels:
The hydrophilic gels are composed of a continuous lipophobic phase. If this phase is aqueous, it is called hydrogels.
The continuous phase is water, glycerol and / or polyethylene glycol. The gelling agents may be poloxamers, starch, cellulose ethers (sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose (en), methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose (en) or carbomers.
Routes of administration:
The gels allow prolonged contact with the surface they cover. For this reason, they are used for the administration of drugs by different routes such as the cutaneous route (large areas of hair and scalp), the vaginal route, the ophthalmic route and the parenteral route.
In the latter case, we speak of injectable gels. These gels are intended to be administered by means of a medical injection device such as a syringe. They are used in aesthetic medicine, orthopedics, ophthalmology. Injectable gels are usually:
physical gels having rheofluidification properties (for example hyaluronic acid gel).
thermogels which allow easy administration at ambient temperature in liquid form, then gelation in situ at body temperature conducive to the maintenance of the pharmaceutical form and to the control of the release of the incorporated active ingredient. In these gels, the gelling agent is a heat-sensitive polymer such as poloxamers.
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