Firm, fixed neck nodes are most to be detected in association with:
a- An ameloblastoma
b- A basal cell carcinoma
c- An odontogenic fibroma
d- A squamous cell carcinoma. ***
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Treatment of squamous cell skin carcinoma:
Most squamous cell skin cancers are found and treated at an early stage, when they can be removed or destroyed using local treatment methods. Typically, small squamous cell cancers can be cured with these treatments. Larger squamous cell cancers are more difficult to treat, and fast-growing cancers have a higher risk of returning.
Rarely, squamous cell cancers can spread to lymph nodes or distant parts of the body. If this occurs, it may be necessary to administer treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or both.
Surgery:
To treat squamous cell skin cancers, different kinds of surgery can be used.
Excision: The tumor is often removed along with a small margin of normal skin to treat squamous cell cancers.
Curettage (curettage) and electrodesecation: this method is sometimes useful in the treatment of small and thin squamous cell cancers (measuring less than 1 cm wide), but is not recommended for larger tumors.
Mohs surgery: Mohs surgery has the best cure rate. This operation is especially useful in the treatment of squamous cell cancers more than 2 cm (about 4/5 inch) wide or with poorly defined edges, for cancers that have reappeared after other treatments, for a cancer that It is spreading along the nerves under the skin and for a cancer located in certain areas of the face or genital area. This method is typically more complex, and takes longer than other types of surgery.
Radiotherapy:
Often, radiation therapy is a good option for patients with large tumors, especially in areas where surgery would be difficult (such as eyelids, ears or nose) or for patients who cannot undergo surgery. This treatment is not used as much as the initial treatment in younger patients due to the possible risk of long-term problems.
Sometimes radiation is used after surgery (simple excision or lymph node dissection) if all the cancer was not removed (if the surgical margins were positive), if the nerves are affected, or if there is a chance that some Cancer is still left.
Radiation is also used to treat cancers that have returned after surgery and have grown too much or have invaded so deeply as to be surgically removed.
Cryotherapy:
Cryosurgery (cryosurgery) is used for some squamous cell cancers in early stages, especially in people who cannot undergo surgery, but it is not recommended for larger invasive tumors, or for tumors in certain parts of the nose, ears, the eyelids, scalp or legs.
Treatment of advanced squamous cell cancers:
Lymph node dissection: The removal of regional (nearby) lymph nodes may be recommended in some squamous cell cancers that are very large or have invaded deep into the skin, and if the lymph nodes feel enlarged or hard to the touch. The lymph nodes that are removed will be seen under a microscope to see if they contain cancer cells. Sometimes, radiation therapy may be recommended after surgery.
Systemic chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is an option for those patients with squamous cell cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes or distant organs. Occasionally, it is combined with surgery or radiotherapy.
Immunotherapy: Another option for advanced squamous cell cancers that cannot be cured with surgery or radiotherapy could be the use of an immunotherapy drug, such as cemiplimab (Libtayo).
a- An ameloblastoma
b- A basal cell carcinoma
c- An odontogenic fibroma
d- A squamous cell carcinoma. ***
----------------------
Treatment of squamous cell skin carcinoma:
Most squamous cell skin cancers are found and treated at an early stage, when they can be removed or destroyed using local treatment methods. Typically, small squamous cell cancers can be cured with these treatments. Larger squamous cell cancers are more difficult to treat, and fast-growing cancers have a higher risk of returning.
Rarely, squamous cell cancers can spread to lymph nodes or distant parts of the body. If this occurs, it may be necessary to administer treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or both.
Surgery:
To treat squamous cell skin cancers, different kinds of surgery can be used.
Excision: The tumor is often removed along with a small margin of normal skin to treat squamous cell cancers.
Curettage (curettage) and electrodesecation: this method is sometimes useful in the treatment of small and thin squamous cell cancers (measuring less than 1 cm wide), but is not recommended for larger tumors.
Mohs surgery: Mohs surgery has the best cure rate. This operation is especially useful in the treatment of squamous cell cancers more than 2 cm (about 4/5 inch) wide or with poorly defined edges, for cancers that have reappeared after other treatments, for a cancer that It is spreading along the nerves under the skin and for a cancer located in certain areas of the face or genital area. This method is typically more complex, and takes longer than other types of surgery.
Radiotherapy:
Often, radiation therapy is a good option for patients with large tumors, especially in areas where surgery would be difficult (such as eyelids, ears or nose) or for patients who cannot undergo surgery. This treatment is not used as much as the initial treatment in younger patients due to the possible risk of long-term problems.
Sometimes radiation is used after surgery (simple excision or lymph node dissection) if all the cancer was not removed (if the surgical margins were positive), if the nerves are affected, or if there is a chance that some Cancer is still left.
Radiation is also used to treat cancers that have returned after surgery and have grown too much or have invaded so deeply as to be surgically removed.
Cryotherapy:
Cryosurgery (cryosurgery) is used for some squamous cell cancers in early stages, especially in people who cannot undergo surgery, but it is not recommended for larger invasive tumors, or for tumors in certain parts of the nose, ears, the eyelids, scalp or legs.
Treatment of advanced squamous cell cancers:
Lymph node dissection: The removal of regional (nearby) lymph nodes may be recommended in some squamous cell cancers that are very large or have invaded deep into the skin, and if the lymph nodes feel enlarged or hard to the touch. The lymph nodes that are removed will be seen under a microscope to see if they contain cancer cells. Sometimes, radiation therapy may be recommended after surgery.
Systemic chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is an option for those patients with squamous cell cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes or distant organs. Occasionally, it is combined with surgery or radiotherapy.
Immunotherapy: Another option for advanced squamous cell cancers that cannot be cured with surgery or radiotherapy could be the use of an immunotherapy drug, such as cemiplimab (Libtayo).
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