Most type bacteria in canal:
A- streptococcus
B- treponam pevellona
C- faecalis ***
the type of bacteria found within a failed root canal may differ from the normal infected tooth. Enterococcus faecalis and/or other facultative enteric bacteria or Pseudomonassp. are found in this situation.
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Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive commensal bacterium, which inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other mammals.1 Like other spp. of the genus Enterococcus, E. faecalis can cause compromised infections in humans, especially in a hospital environment. The existence of enterococci is enhanced because it has had the ability to acquire resistance to virtually all antibiotics in use.
The normal habitat of these is the digestive tract of warm-blooded animals. They are indicators of faecal contamination, so their presence in food indicates lack of hygiene or defective conservation conditions, except in foods in which it acts as a natural bacterial flora of fermentation processes, such as cheese, raw sausages and even meat products.
They are very resistant to adverse conditions (freezing, drying, heat treatment, etc.) so they are good indicators to assess the hygienic and preservation conditions of frozen and dried foods.
Physiology:
E. faecalis is a stationary bacterium, facultative anaerobic and ferments glucose without producing gas. It does not have a reaction with catalase in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, it can produce a pseudocatalase reaction if it is grown in blood agar, however it is very weak. E. faecalis can live in extreme environments that include highly alkaline pH of 9.6 and high salt concentrations.
Pathogeny:
E. faecalis can cause endocarditis, bladder infections, prostate, epididymis; Nervous system infections are less common.
E. faecalis resists aminoglycosides, aztreonam, cephalosporin, clindamycin, semi-synthetic penicillins (nafcillin, oxacillin, amoxicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Cephalosporin exposure is a particularly important risk in colonization and infection with enterococci. There are a variety of Enterococci that can be particularly resistant to many glycopeptides such as vancomycin called ERV.
History:
Before 1984, E. faecalis was known as Streptococcus faecalis.2
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Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive commensal bacterium, which inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other mammals.1 Like other spp. of the genus Enterococcus, E. faecalis can cause compromised infections in humans, especially in a hospital environment. The existence of enterococci is enhanced because it has had the ability to acquire resistance to virtually all antibiotics in use.
The normal habitat of these is the digestive tract of warm-blooded animals. They are indicators of faecal contamination, so their presence in food indicates lack of hygiene or defective conservation conditions, except in foods in which it acts as a natural bacterial flora of fermentation processes, such as cheese, raw sausages and even meat products.
They are very resistant to adverse conditions (freezing, drying, heat treatment, etc.) so they are good indicators to assess the hygienic and preservation conditions of frozen and dried foods.
Physiology:
E. faecalis is a stationary bacterium, facultative anaerobic and ferments glucose without producing gas. It does not have a reaction with catalase in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, it can produce a pseudocatalase reaction if it is grown in blood agar, however it is very weak. E. faecalis can live in extreme environments that include highly alkaline pH of 9.6 and high salt concentrations.
Pathogeny:
E. faecalis can cause endocarditis, bladder infections, prostate, epididymis; Nervous system infections are less common.
E. faecalis resists aminoglycosides, aztreonam, cephalosporin, clindamycin, semi-synthetic penicillins (nafcillin, oxacillin, amoxicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Cephalosporin exposure is a particularly important risk in colonization and infection with enterococci. There are a variety of Enterococci that can be particularly resistant to many glycopeptides such as vancomycin called ERV.
History:
Before 1984, E. faecalis was known as Streptococcus faecalis.2
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